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1. Validity of initiation of reassessment proceedings under section 147(a) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 for the assessment year 1960-61. Comprehensive Analysis: The judgment by the High Court of Calcutta involved a reference arising from the reassessment of the income of a company for the assessment year 1960-61. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) initiated proceedings under section 147(a) upon noticing certain cash credits in the company's books of account for the assessment year 1960-61. These credits were found to be unexplained, leading to the addition of Rs. 35,700 to the company's income. The company appealed, arguing that the transactions were beyond the relevant accounting year. The Appellate Assistant Commissioner (AAC) upheld the reassessment, stating that the transactions were not part of normal business activities and lacked genuineness. The Income Tax Tribunal also dismissed the appeal, emphasizing the company's failure to prove the genuineness of the loans and disclose all relevant materials. The Tribunal's decision was challenged by the company through an application under section 256(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The central question referred to the High Court was whether the Tribunal was justified in upholding the validity of the reassessment proceedings under section 147(a) for the assessment year 1960-61. The company contended that the ITO lacked jurisdiction to initiate proceedings under section 147(a) based on non-disclosure of cash credits from the subsequent accounting period. However, the company did not dispute the legal principle that concealed income determines the assessment year for taxation. In the legal arguments presented, the company relied on a decision by the Madras High Court emphasizing strict adherence to the conditions of section 147(a) for reassessment proceedings. On the other hand, the revenue's counsel cited a Supreme Court decision to support the Tribunal's findings that the company failed to fully disclose relevant materials. The Supreme Court precedent highlighted the duty of the assessee to disclose all material facts for assessment. The High Court concluded that the Tribunal's findings, including the company's failure to disclose fully and truly all relevant facts, were not challenged. Therefore, the initiation of reassessment proceedings was deemed valid, and the question was answered in favor of the revenue. In agreement with the comprehensive analysis provided by Dipak Kumar Sen J., Bimal Chandra Basak J. concurred with the decision to uphold the validity of the reassessment proceedings under section 147(a) for the assessment year 1960-61.
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