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Issues Involved:
1. Computation of deduction under section 80HHC. 2. Enhancement of closing stock of sugar. 3. Deduction of estimated liability in respect of leave encashment. 4. Method of taxation of income from bonds. 5. Charging of interest under sections 234B and 234D. 6. Disallowance under section 14A of the Act in respect of administrative expenses and interest. Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Computation of Deduction under Section 80HHC: Grounds 1 to 7 pertain to the computation of deduction under section 80HHC. The assessee contended that the CIT(A) erred in sustaining the disallowance of the claim for deduction of Rs. 1,07,04,666/-. The assessee argued that negative profit (loss) should not be included in the computation of deduction and claimed a higher deduction based on further realization of foreign exchange. However, these grounds were not pressed by the counsel due to the Supreme Court's decision in IPCA Laboratory Ltd. vs. Dy. CIT, which held that deductions under section 80HHC cannot be claimed in the case of net loss from exports. Thus, these grounds were dismissed. 2. Enhancement of Closing Stock of Sugar: Grounds 8, 9, and 10 challenge the enhancement of the closing stock of sugar by Rs. 11,76,750/-. The assessee argued that the stock was valued at cost or market value, whichever is lower, as per Accounting Standard-2 (AS-2), a method consistently followed by the assessee. The Tribunal found that this method had been accepted in earlier years and directed the AO to accept the stock value shown by the assessee. Therefore, these grounds were decided in favor of the assessee. 3. Deduction of Estimated Liability in Respect of Leave Encashment: Ground 11 relates to the deduction of an estimated liability of Rs. 1.94 lakh for leave encashment. This ground was not pressed by the counsel, and thus, it was dismissed. 4. Method of Taxation of Income from Bonds: Grounds 12, 13, and 14 concern the method of taxation of income from bonds of M/s G E Capital Ltd. The assessee contended that the income should be assessed at maturity, not annually, and that the investment was made for capital gains, not interest. These grounds were also not pressed by the counsel, leading to their dismissal. 5. Charging of Interest under Sections 234B and 234D: Grounds 17 and 18 address the charging of interest under sections 234B and 234D. The counsel argued that section 234D is applicable from assessment year 2004-05 onwards, as held by the Delhi Tribunal in ITO vs. Ekta Promoters (P) Ltd. The Tribunal agreed, holding that section 234D is substantive and applies from assessment year 2004-05. Thus, the assessee is not liable for interest under section 234D for the assessment year 2001-02. Ground 17 was partly allowed, and ground 18 was allowed. 6. Disallowance under Section 14A of the Act in Respect of Administrative Expenses and Interest: Grounds 15 and 16, and the revenue's ground, relate to disallowance under section 14A. The AO disallowed Rs. 95,52,136/- as interest and Rs. 6,81,673/- as administrative expenses, arguing that these were incurred to earn tax-free income. The CIT(A) admitted additional evidence showing that the interest was for packing credit limit, not investments, and deleted the interest disallowance but upheld the administrative expense disallowance. The Tribunal found that the assessee proved the interest was unrelated to tax-free income, thus deleting the interest disallowance. However, administrative expenses were deemed to have been incurred for earning tax-free income, and the disallowance was upheld. The Tribunal confirmed the CIT(A)'s order, dismissing grounds 15 and 16. Residuary Ground: Ground 19 was not argued and thus dismissed. Revenue's Appeal: The revenue's appeal challenged the CIT(A)'s admission of additional evidence and deletion of interest disallowance. The Tribunal upheld the CIT(A)'s decision, finding no error requiring correction. Conclusion: The appeal of the assessee was partly allowed, and the appeal of the revenue was dismissed. The order was pronounced in the open court on 05.12.2008.
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