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Issues Involved:
1. Disallowance of interest claim under section 271(1)(c) for assessment years 1996-97 and 1997-98. 2. Validity of penalty imposed under section 271(1)(c) of the Income-tax Act, 1961. Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Disallowance of Interest Claim under Section 271(1)(c) for Assessment Years 1996-97 and 1997-98: The assessee, engaged in trading cloth, chemicals, and shares, claimed interest deductions for assessment years 1996-97 and 1997-98. The Assessing Officer (AO) observed that the assessee had debited Rs. 26,55,189 to the Profit and Loss Account for the year 1996-97 without any trading activity. The AO issued a show-cause notice questioning this claim. The assessee argued that the interest was for unsecured loans taken for acquiring tenancy rights and plant and machinery, and for a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Mrs. R.K. Modi for leasehold land intended for development. The AO disallowed Rs. 14,98,750, suggesting it should be charged to the work-in-progress account, and initiated penalty proceedings. For 1997-98, the assessee claimed Rs. 36,81,472 as interest, with Rs. 21,22,291 related to the property development loan. The AO disallowed this claim, initiating penalty proceedings under section 271(1)(c). The CIT(A) confirmed the disallowances for both years, and the Tribunal upheld these decisions in ITA No. 5618/Mum./1999 and ITA No. 3612/Mum./2001. 2. Validity of Penalty Imposed Under Section 271(1)(c) of the Income-tax Act, 1961: The AO imposed penalties of Rs. 6,89,425 for 1996-97 and Rs. 9,12,585 for 1997-98, which the CIT(A) confirmed. The assessee appealed, arguing the penalties were unjustified. The assessee contended that the property was intended for development, shown as stock-in-trade, and interest was claimed based on a bona fide belief that the sub-lease would be renewed. The assessee cited various decisions to support that interest on borrowed capital for asset acquisition is deductible, even if the asset isn't used in the relevant year. The Departmental Representative (DR) argued that the Tribunal did not accept the assessee's claim of intent to develop the property, and the explanation was unconvincing, justifying the penalty under section 271(1)(c) and the Supreme Court's decision in Dharmendra Textile Processors. The Tribunal noted the assessee's business was trading, not property development. The agreement with Mrs. Modi required renewal of the expired sub-lease before the sale deed execution, which hadn't occurred. The assessee's Balance Sheet showed the amount as loans and advances, not work-in-progress. The Tribunal found no satisfactory explanation for claiming the interest deduction, deeming it not bona fide. The Tribunal decided to restore the issue to the CIT(A) for fresh consideration, directing the CIT(A) to seek explanations from the assessee regarding the payment and possession of the land, and decide in accordance with the Supreme Court's decision in Dharmendra Textile Processors. Conclusion: The appeals were allowed for statistical purposes, with the issue remanded to the CIT(A) for a fresh decision, considering the latest facts and the Supreme Court's relevant judgment.
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