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Issues involved:
The judgment addresses two main issues: 1. Whether a sum received by a foreign company from an Indian corporation constitutes fees for technical services under section 9(1)(vii) of the Income-tax Act. 2. Whether income from fees for technical services should be dealt with under clause (vii) or clause (i) of section 9(1) of the Income-tax Act. Issue 1: The case involves a foreign company, acting through its agent, receiving payment from an Indian company for technical services related to the installation of equipment at a hydroelectric project. The question is whether this payment is subject to tax liability under section 9 of the Income-tax Act. The assessing authority initially held the foreign company liable for tax, but the appellate authority and the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal ruled in favor of the foreign company, citing a proviso that exempts transactions covered by agreements prior to April 1, 1976, from tax liability under section 9(1)(vii) of the Act. Issue 2: The court deliberated on whether the services provided by the foreign company, including technical advice and assistance for equipment installation, constitute a transaction involving a business connection. Reference was made to case law, such as CIT v. Copes Vulcan Inc., which clarified that technical services falling under section 9(1)(vii) are not covered by section 9(1)(i) of the Act. The court also considered the interpretation of "business connection" by the Andhra Pradesh High Court in CIT v. Hindustan Shipyard Ltd., emphasizing the necessity of a real and intimate connection in trading activities to establish a business connection. The judgment ultimately ruled in favor of the foreign company, stating that the absence of a share or interest in the management of the Indian company by the foreign company, and the limited scope of services provided, did not establish a business connection. Consequently, both questions were answered against the Revenue and in favor of the assessee.
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