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Issues Involved:
1. Deductibility of pre-operative interest and expenses. 2. Deductibility of expenditure on high tension lines. 3. Amortisation claim u/s 35AB. Summary: 1. Deductibility of Pre-operative Interest and Expenses: The primary issue was whether the pre-operative interest and expenses related to the seamless tube project at Baramati could be claimed as deductible business expenses. The Assessing Officer disallowed these expenses, considering them capital in nature as per Explanation 8 to section 43(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The CIT(A) upheld this disallowance, concluding that the seamless tube division was a distinct business from the existing steel business of the assessee. The Tribunal, however, found that the steel and tube activities constituted the "same business" based on the tests of unity of control, common management, common business organisation, common administration, common funds, and common place of business. The Tribunal allowed the deduction of pre-operative interest and expenses, rejecting the revenue's argument that these were capital expenditures. 2. Deductibility of Expenditure on High Tension Lines: The assessee claimed expenditure on high tension lines as revenue expenditure. The Assessing Officer and CIT(A) disallowed this claim, treating it as capital expenditure linked to the seamless tube project. The Tribunal found that the expenditure was revenue in nature since the ownership of the high tension lines was with the Electricity authorities and not with the assessee. Consequently, the Tribunal allowed the deduction of Rs. 13,45,000 as revenue expenditure. 3. Amortisation Claim u/s 35AB: The assessee claimed amortisation of technical know-how fees, including an amount due to exchange fluctuation. The Assessing Officer allowed the basic claim but disallowed the portion related to exchange fluctuation. The CIT(A) upheld this disallowance, interpreting that section 35AB allows deduction only on the amount actually paid. The Tribunal, however, allowed the claim, referencing the definition of "paid" u/s 43(2) and judicial precedents, which include liabilities incurred due to exchange fluctuations as part of the actual cost. Thus, the Tribunal allowed the deduction of Rs. 2,39,807 being 1/6th of the exchange fluctuation amount. The Tribunal's decision emphasized the importance of evaluating whether different business activities constitute the "same business" based on specific tests and facts, and it provided clarity on the treatment of pre-operative expenses and technical know-how fees under the Income-tax Act.
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