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Issues:
1. Whether the suit is barred by reason of the proceedings in a former suit by the appellant against the respondent. 2. Interpretation of the Business Names Registration Ordinance No. 6 of 1918. 3. Effect of a decree subject to appeal on the finality and res judicata principle. 4. The correct interpretation of Section 207 of the Civil Procedure Code, 1889. Analysis: 1. The judgment involves an appeal from a decree of the Supreme Court of the Island of Ceylon confirming a decree of the District Court of Ratnapura. The main issue is whether the appellant's suit is barred due to proceedings in a former suit against the respondent. The appellant had initially filed Action No. 4122 to recover a balance from the respondent. The respondent argued that the appellant failed to register his business name as required by the Business Names Registration Ordinance. The District Judge ordered the appellant to register the business name, and the respondent appealed the decree. During this time, the appellant filed a new suit, Action No. 4687, claiming the same amount as in the first suit. The District Judge upheld the respondent's plea, leading to further appeals and the current judgment. 2. The interpretation of the Business Names Registration Ordinance was crucial in this case. The ordinance stated that if a defaulter failed to register their business name, their rights under any contract related to the business would not be enforceable. The respondent argued that the appellant's failure to register his business name in the first suit barred him from initiating a new suit claiming the same amount. The appellant's compliance with the registration requirement during the appeal process added complexity to the situation. 3. The judgment delved into the effect of a decree subject to appeal on finality and res judicata. The District Judge considered the decree in the first suit final and enforceable, leading to the dismissal of the second suit. However, the Supreme Court judges held differing views. One view was that the appellant's cause of action merged with the decree, while another view suggested that seeking to recover the same debt in both suits was impermissible. The interpretation of Section 207 of the Civil Procedure Code, 1889, regarding the finality of decrees subject to appeal, was pivotal in determining the outcome. 4. The correct interpretation of Section 207 of the Civil Procedure Code, 1889, was crucial in resolving the appeal. The appellant argued that a decree subject to appeal was not final between the parties and did not form res judicata until the appeal process concluded. The respondent contended that such a decree was final until set aside on appeal. The Privy Council agreed with the appellant's view, emphasizing that the finality of a decree subject to appeal was qualified by the ongoing appeal process and did not form res judicata until the appeal was finalized. This interpretation influenced the decision to recall the decrees and remit the action to the District Court for further proceedings.
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