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Issues:
1. Assessment of income from undisclosed sources based on a deposit in the name of a third party. 2. Imposition of penalty under section 28(1)(c) of the Indian Income Tax Act, 1922 for concealment of income. Analysis: 1. Assessment of income from undisclosed sources based on a deposit in the name of a third party: The case involved a firm engaged in the business of arhat and foodgrains, where an amount of Rs. 20,000 was found deposited in the name of a cashier of a cooperative society in the firm's books. Despite explanations provided by the firm and the cashier, the Income Tax Officer added the amount to the firm's income from undisclosed sources. The Appellate Tribunal upheld this decision, emphasizing the discrepancies in the explanations provided and the timing of the deposit and subsequent disbursements made by the cashier. The Tribunal concluded that the deposit was not made by the cashier but was brought into the books by the firm's partners themselves. The judgment highlighted the burden of proof on the assessee to demonstrate the source and nature of such deposits, and in this case, the material on record supported the assessment of the amount as the firm's income. 2. Imposition of penalty under section 28(1)(c) for concealment of income: Following the assessment of the undisclosed income, the Income Tax Officer levied a penalty of Rs. 4,000 on the firm for concealment of income under section 28(1)(c) of the Act. The Appellate Assistant Commissioner upheld this penalty, citing the false entries made by the firm in its books. However, the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal overturned this decision, emphasizing that when cash is found in the accounts of a third party in the assessee's books, the onus is on the department to prove that it is not a genuine deposit. The Tribunal found no sufficient material to establish that the deposit was not genuine, leading to the cancellation of the penalty. The Tribunal's decision was based on the absence of evidence connecting the cash credit with any undisclosed income of the assessee, highlighting that the imposition of a penalty must be supported by factual findings rather than guesswork. In conclusion, the High Court affirmed the Tribunal's decisions in both matters, supporting the assessment of undisclosed income and the cancellation of the penalty based on the evidence and legal principles applicable to the case. The judgment emphasized the importance of factual evidence and burden of proof in determining tax liabilities and penalties under the Income Tax Act.
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