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Determining whether the Commissioner, while reducing or waiving a penalty under the Wealth Tax Act, can ignore the statutory conditions under section 18B. Analysis: The High Court of Punjab and Haryana addressed the issue of whether the Commissioner, in exercising discretion to reduce or waive a penalty under the Wealth Tax Act, can overlook the statutory conditions set forth in section 18B. The petitioner voluntarily filed returns under the Act for assessment years 1970-71 to 1977-78 and applied for penalty reduction under section 18B. The Commissioner, in his order, acknowledged that the conditions under section 18B were satisfied but chose to impose a 10% penalty for each assessment year, which was challenged in the writ petition. The court emphasized the importance of the five conditions outlined in section 18B for the exercise of discretion under section 18. It was established that the Commissioner's satisfaction should be based solely on these statutory conditions and not influenced by external factors. Precedents were cited to support the requirement of a speaking order by the Commissioner in such matters. The court analyzed the Commissioner's decision-making process and noted that the Commissioner had shifted focus from the statutory conditions at the post-satisfaction stage. It was argued that these conditions should remain relevant even during the discretionary stage to strike a balance. Judicial precedents were cited to support the view that all relevant factors, including the gravity of the default and loss to the Revenue, must be considered before reducing or waiving a penalty. Ultimately, the court allowed the petition, partially quashing the Commissioner's order and directing a rehearing based on the observations made. The Commissioner was instructed to reconsider the waiver or reduction of the penalty in light of the statutory conditions and relevant factors. No costs were awarded, and the petitioner was directed to appear before the Commissioner for further proceedings.
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