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Issues involved: Interpretation of provisions for gratuity liability and deduction under the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Summary: The High Court of Madras delivered a judgment on the issue of provision for gratuity liability in the cases of different assesses. The court held that the provision made for gratuity liability, based on actuarial valuation and incremental value, should be allowed as a deduction in the computation of business income. The Tribunal's findings supported that the provision was rightly allowed as a deduction. However, the court noted an error in the Tribunal's order regarding the allowance of provision for gratuity u/s 37 of the Income Tax Act, 1961. It clarified that Section 37(1) is a residuary provision for business expenditure and a provision for gratuity is not an expenditure strictly so called. The court emphasized that the deduction for provision for gratuity should be made based on commercial principles of accounting, as the income-tax law does not prohibit such deductions. The court addressed specific questions of law in each case regarding the deduction of provision for gratuity liability for the assessment year 1972-73. In all cases, the court ruled in favor of the respective assessee, allowing the deduction for the provision made towards gratuity liability. No costs were awarded in these judgments.
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