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Issues:
Challenge to mining lease grant, Central Government's approval, compliance with rules and regulations, maintainability of writ petition, locus standi of petitioner. Analysis: The appellant was granted a mining lease by the State of Bihar with prior approval of the Central Government. The lease was challenged by the first respondent on the grounds of prior application for a lease over a specific area. The State Government had initially rejected all applications for the area but later decided to release it to be worked in the private sector. The Central Government authorized the grant of the lease to the appellant without following the standard procedure. The first respondent filed multiple applications challenging the lease but was unsuccessful until the Central Government directed the State Government to reconsider the matter due to procedural irregularities. In the writ petition, the High Court found that the conditions for relaxation of rules under the Mines and Minerals Act were not met while approving the lease to the appellant. The appellant argued that the first respondent was not a person aggrieved as the area he applied for was not included in the granted lease. The Central Government supported the grant based on the inapplicability of certain rules and the recorded reasons for relaxation. The State of Bihar changed its stance during the proceedings, challenging the validity of the lease after recommending it initially. The Supreme Court held that the writ petition filed by the first respondent was not maintainable as he lacked locus standi since the granted area did not concern him directly. The Court emphasized that the right to challenge must be based on personal or individual interest, and in this case, the first respondent did not meet that criteria. The Court referred to previous judgments to support the principle that only parties directly affected by an act or omission have the right to challenge it legally. Ultimately, the Court allowed the appeal, dismissed the writ petition, and awarded costs to the appellant against the State of Bihar. The decision was based on the lack of standing of the first respondent to challenge the lease, emphasizing the importance of personal interest in legal challenges. This judgment clarifies the significance of locus standi in legal challenges, emphasizing that only individuals directly affected by an action have the right to challenge it in court. It also highlights the procedural requirements and considerations for granting mining leases, ensuring compliance with rules and regulations.
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