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Issues Involved:
1. Legitimacy of advertising and sampling expenses incurred by the assessee. 2. Whether the reimbursement of expenses to sister concerns was a device for tax avoidance. 3. Adequacy of evidence for the actual incurring of expenses. 4. Appropriateness of the disallowance of expenses by the Assessing Officer and the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals). Summary: 1. Legitimacy of Advertising and Sampling Expenses: The assessee, a manufacturer of soft drink concentrates, reimbursed advertising and sampling expenses incurred by its sister concerns. The assessee passed a resolution on 2-6-1979 authorizing such reimbursement to promote its products. The total expenditure incurred was Rs. 62,69,892.33, out of which Rs. 31,91,976 was claimed to have been incurred by the bottlers. The Assessing Officer initially disallowed Rs. 21,53,788 of the sampling expenses, suspecting the legitimacy of these expenses. 2. Tax Avoidance Device: The Assessing Officer and the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) viewed the reimbursement as a device to reduce the assessee's tax liability, citing the losses suffered by the sister concerns. They relied on the judgment in McDowell & Co. Ltd. v. CTO [1985] 154 ITR 148, concluding that the arrangement was a tax avoidance device. However, the Tribunal held that the need for reimbursement arose from commercial expediency to promote sales and prevent the closure of bottling plants. 3. Adequacy of Evidence: The Tribunal noted that the Assessing Officer failed to cross-verify the expenses with the bottlers' records. The assessee provided load reports and other documents to substantiate the expenses. The Tribunal found that the expenditure was genuine and dictated by business needs, emphasizing that the control and supervision were in-built due to common directors among the companies. 4. Disallowance of Expenses: The Assessing Officer allowed Rs. 1,68,000 out of Rs. 21,53,788, considering 5% of the total sales as reasonable sampling expenses. The Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) restored the disallowance to Rs. 21,53,788, doubting the genuineness of the transactions. The Tribunal, however, held that the entire expenditure was genuine and necessary for the business. The Tribunal emphasized that the arrangement was not a colourable device but a rational business decision. Conclusion: The Tribunal concluded that the expenditure of Rs. 21,53,788 was incurred wholly and exclusively for the assessee's business and allowed the appeal, deleting the disallowance. The appeal was allowed, and the disallowance was deemed improper.
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