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Taxability of exchange gain as casual and non-recurring income under section 10(3) of the Income-tax Act, 1961. Analysis: The case involved a dispute regarding the taxability of an exchange gain of Rs. 2,29,042 as casual and non-recurring income under section 10(3) of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The assessee argued that the gain was a capital receipt arising from foreign exchange fluctuations related to equity allotment and should not be taxed as income. The Assessing Officer, however, treated it as revenue receipt. The CIT (Appeals) held that the gain should be taxed as casual income based on a Special Bench decision. The assessee contended that the receipt was on capital account and thus not taxable under section 10(3). The Tribunal analyzed various legal precedents and concluded that the gain was indeed a capital receipt and not chargeable as casual income. The Tribunal emphasized that section 10(3) is an exemption provision and does not apply to receipts that do not constitute income. The Tribunal also dismissed the argument that keeping funds abroad deliberately affected the taxability of the gain, as the nature of the receipt being capital in this case was the determining factor. The Tribunal highlighted the importance of distinguishing between capital receipts and income for tax purposes. It referenced decisions such as E.I.D. Parry Ltd. and Sutlej Cotton Mills Ltd. to support the classification of the gain as a capital receipt. The Tribunal also discussed the interpretation of section 10(3) as an exemption provision rather than a charging section, emphasizing that receipts not constituting income cannot be taxed under this section. Additionally, the Tribunal rejected the argument that the delay in bringing funds to India affected the taxability of the gain, reiterating that the nature of the receipt as capital was the decisive factor. The Tribunal overturned the CIT (Appeals) decision and held that the exchange gain was not chargeable as casual and non-recurring income under section 10(3) of the Act. In conclusion, the Tribunal allowed the appeal, ruling in favor of the assessee and holding that the exchange gain of Rs. 2,29,042 was not taxable as casual and non-recurring income under section 10(3) of the Income-tax Act, 1961.
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