2018 (4) TMI 183 - AT - Income Tax

Income derived from sale of land - to be assessed under the head business or long term capital gain - whether the assessee is eligible for indexation benefit and deduction under section 54 of the Act? - Held that - Reasonings on which the learned Commissioner (Appeals) has treated the land as business asset of the assessee are not at all relevant for deciding whether the land in question was held as investment or business asset. It appears from record, in assessment year 2006 07, the Assessing Officer had assessed the money received from Samir Bhojwani in pursuance to the development agreement in respect of the same land as income of the assessee. Though, the issue was set aside to the Assessing Officer by the Tribunal, however, it needs to be seen under which head the Assessing Officer treated it as income and the reason for doing so. In this regard, the Balance Sheets of earlier years are also required to be examined. Considering the overall facts and circumstances of the case, we are of the opinion that the issue whether the land in question was held as an investment or business asset requires to be examined afresh taking into consideration all material facts including the intention of the assessee at the time of purchase of land. Assessee s appeal is allowed for statistical purposes.

Summary

Issues:
i) Classification of income derived from sale of land - business income or long term capital gain.
ii) Eligibility of the assessee for indexation benefit and deduction under section 54 of the Act.

Analysis:
Issue i: Classification of income derived from sale of land:
The assessee appealed against the order of the Commissioner (Appeals) regarding the treatment of profit from the sale of land as business income instead of long term capital gain. The Assessing Officer contended that the land was held as stock-in-trade and not as an investment. The Commissioner (Appeals) upheld this decision, emphasizing the intention of the assessee at the time of land purchase and the pattern of buying and selling land. The Tribunal noted discrepancies in the treatment of the land in the Balance Sheet and the lack of conversion to stock-in-trade before sale. However, it found the reasoning insufficient to establish the land as a business asset. The Tribunal directed a fresh examination by the Assessing Officer considering all material facts, especially the intention of the assessee at the time of purchase.

Issue ii: Eligibility for indexation benefit and deduction under section 54:
The Tribunal's decision to reassess the classification of income also impacts the eligibility of the assessee for indexation benefit and deduction under section 54 of the Act. If the Assessing Officer determines the profit as long term capital gain, the assessee's claim for these benefits must be duly examined. The Tribunal allowed the grounds for statistical purposes, indicating that the appeal was successful in challenging the initial classification of income from the sale of land.

In conclusion, the Tribunal's judgment highlights the importance of establishing the intention behind holding property and the need for a comprehensive evaluation of all relevant factors to determine the nature of income derived from the sale of assets. The decision emphasizes the significance of proper documentation and consistent treatment of assets to support claims for tax benefits under the law.