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Issues:
1. Allowability of unabsorbed depreciation 2. Claim of expenditure on scientific research Issue 1: Allowability of unabsorbed depreciation The common issue in both appeals was the allowability of unabsorbed depreciation. The Assessing Officer disallowed the loss claimed by the assessee due to late filing of returns under section 139(3) of the Act. The Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) allowed the relief, stating that unabsorbed depreciation should be allowed, resulting in losses for the years under consideration. The Tribunal analyzed sections 139(3) and 32(2) of the Act. Section 139(3) allows losses only if returns are filed within the prescribed time, covering specific losses like business, speculation, capital gains, and horse race losses. On the other hand, section 32(2) deals with unabsorbed depreciation, providing for set-off within eight assessment years. The Tribunal concluded that the provisions for business loss and unabsorbed depreciation are independent, and late filing of returns should not deny the claim of unabsorbed depreciation. Thus, the Tribunal upheld the decision of the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) to allow relief to the assessee. Issue 2: Claim of expenditure on scientific research For the assessment year 2001-02, the revenue challenged the claim of expenditure on scientific research amounting to Rs. 6,47,18,694. The Assessing Officer added this amount as capital expenditure due to the assessee's failure to provide payment details. The Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) held that the entire expenditure was allowable. The Tribunal reviewed the case and found that the assessee had submitted details of research activities and payments during the hearings. Although the Assessing Officer claimed insufficient details, the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) found that the necessary payment details were indeed provided by the assessee. The Tribunal noted that the Assessing Officer failed to consider the materials on record, whereas the Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) thoroughly examined the evidence and remand report. As the revenue did not present any evidence to disprove the Commissioner's findings, the Tribunal upheld the decision to allow the expenditure on scientific research. Consequently, both appeals were dismissed.
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