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Issues Involved:
1. Estimation of profit margin on illegal business activities. 2. Telescoping of undisclosed income. Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Estimation of Profit Margin on Illegal Business Activities: The primary issue revolves around the estimation of profit margins from the assessees' clandestine business of trading N-Hexane. The assessees were involved in the purchase and sale of N-Hexane, which was used for adulterating petrol. The transactions related to this activity were not recorded in the regular books of account but were instead conducted through a separate bank account. The assessees declared undisclosed incomes of Rs. 10,81,000 and Rs. 5,46,000 respectively. The Assessing Officer (AO) estimated the profit margin at 15% on the estimated purchase turnover of Rs. 1,46,45,863 for one assessee and Rs. 10,73,298 for the other. The first appellate authority, however, reduced this profit margin to 8.25%, citing a comparable case of Shri P. Koteswara Rao, who was also involved in a similar business and had a profit margin of 8.25%. The Tribunal, upon review, found that the AO's estimation of a 15% profit margin was fair and considerate. The Tribunal noted that the AO's intention was to estimate a gross profit of 15% on the sales, which was not accurately reflected due to a calculation error. The Tribunal rejected the comparison with Shri P. Koteswara Rao's case, stating that the profit rate in his case could not serve as a benchmark for the assessees involved in illegal trade. The Tribunal emphasized that individuals engaging in illegal activities would typically seek higher profits to justify the risks involved. Consequently, the Tribunal upheld the AO's estimation of a 15% profit margin. 2. Telescoping of Undisclosed Income: The second issue concerns the claim for telescoping by one of the assessees, who argued that the undisclosed income from the illegal business should be considered when accounting for undisclosed assets, thus avoiding separate taxation on these assets. The assessee cited several case laws to support this claim, including Anantharam Veerasinghaiah & Co. v. CIT, CIT v. Jawanmal Gemaji Gandhi, and others. The Tribunal, however, rejected this claim. It noted that the assessee had not maintained any books of account and had deposited all amounts received in the bank account for obtaining demand drafts. The Tribunal emphasized that there was no demonstrated nexus between the undisclosed income and the assets found during the search. The Tribunal referred to the Supreme Court's observation in Anantharam Veerasinghaih & Co., which stated that unexplained cash deficits and credits must be reasonably attributed to a pre-existing fund of concealed profits or explained by reference to concealed income earned in the same year. The Tribunal concluded that the facts and circumstances of the case did not support the claim for telescoping, and thus, the order of the CIT(A) on this issue was set aside, restoring the AO's original order. Conclusion: The Tribunal allowed the appeals of the Revenue, thereby reinstating the AO's estimation of a 15% profit margin on the illegal business activities. It dismissed the appeals of the assessees, rejecting the claim for telescoping of undisclosed income. The judgment underscores the principle that higher risks associated with illegal activities typically warrant higher profit margins and that claims for telescoping must be substantiated with clear evidence of a nexus between undisclosed income and assets.
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