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Issues:
1. Validity of penalty order timing. 2. Legality of penalty order under section 271(1)(c) in the second notice of assessment under section 148. Analysis: 1. The case involved the assessment year 1976-77 where the assessee, engaged in the purchase and sale of handloom clothes, concealed an amount of Rs.57,294 leading to penalty proceedings under section 271(1)(c) of the Income Tax Act. The penalty order was challenged on grounds of limitation, as the original assessment was completed on June 4, 1979, but the penalty was imposed on March 24, 1988. The assessee argued that the penalty order was beyond the two-year limit from the end of the financial year of the original assessment. Citing case law, the assessee contended that if the Assessing Officer was aware of the concealment in the earlier proceedings, the penalty should have been imposed then and not in subsequent proceedings. 2. The Supreme Court's interpretation in various cases was crucial in determining the validity of the penalty proceedings. In N. A. Malbary and Bros. v. CIT, it was established that the penalty under section 28 could be imposed based on the true facts even after an earlier penalty order, as long as it was correlated to the tax evaded. The Court emphasized that reassessment proceedings allow for the imposition of penalties with reference to the concealment in the original assessment proceedings. Additionally, the principle that once an original assessment is reopened, the entire assessment proceedings are open for a fresh assessment was highlighted. The Court further reiterated that the correct income of the assessee, after final assessments, cannot be a matter of conjecture, emphasizing the importance of accurate income determination in penalty proceedings under section 271(1)(c) of the Act. In conclusion, after considering the arguments and case law presented, the High Court upheld the validity of the penalty proceedings, stating that the penalty order timing was within the legal limits. The Court determined that the second notice issued for penalty was valid, and the limitation period should be calculated from the second assessment order. Therefore, the questions of law were answered in favor of the revenue authorities and against the assessee, affirming the legality of the penalty order under section 271(1)(c) in the second notice of assessment under section 148.
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