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Issues:
1. Assessment of income from commission and interest in the hands of Hindu undivided family vs. individual capacity. 2. Determining whether the income from commission, director's fee, and interest should be assessed in the Hindu undivided family's hands or the individual's capacity. Analysis: 1. The judgment dealt with five references involving identical issues regarding the assessment of income from commission and interest. The primary question was whether the income should be assessed in the Hindu undivided family's hands or the individual's capacity for various assessment years. The factual background revealed that the individual held shares, became a director, and later a managing director of a company, receiving remuneration based on agreements. The dispute arose when the individual claimed that the income was of the Hindu undivided family, while the Revenue disagreed. 2. The core issue revolved around whether the income received was due to services rendered in the individual's capacity or as a return for the family's investment. The Revenue contended that there was no nexus between the family's investment in shares and the income earned by the individual. Citing legal principles from previous cases, the court emphasized that if the income was essentially earned due to invested funds, it belonged to the family; otherwise, if it was compensation for services, it was the individual's income. The court highlighted that the original investment in shares was from individual funds, and the directorship was unrelated to family funds. 3. The court examined the circumstances and concluded that the remuneration received was as compensation for services in the individual's capacity, not due to family investments. The court emphasized that the subsequent blending of individual funds with joint family property did not alter the essential nature of the income. It clarified that the qualification shares requirement for directorship did not automatically make every shareholder a director. Ultimately, the court ruled in favor of the Revenue, stating that the income in question should be assessed in the individual's hands, not the Hindu undivided family's. 4. The judgment provided a detailed analysis of the legal principles governing the assessment of income in Hindu undivided families and individuals. It highlighted the importance of distinguishing between income earned through investments and income as compensation for services rendered. The court's decision was based on the specific circumstances of the case, emphasizing the lack of a substantial connection between family investments and the individual's remuneration. The ruling clarified the assessment of income from commission, director's fee, and interest, settling the dispute in favor of the Revenue.
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