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Issues involved:
Valuation of closing stock on dissolution of a firm, determination of market value, revaluation of opening stock of a newly constituted firm, exercise of powers under section 264 of the Income-tax Act. Analysis: In the tax case, the issue revolved around the valuation of the closing stock of a dissolved firm distributed between partners. The Tribunal had valued the stock at market price on the date of dissolution. The court referred to previous judgments to establish that on dissolution, stock should be valued at market price to determine the exact business position. The court upheld the Tribunal's valuation decision, emphasizing the need for consistent valuation methods for accurate business assessment. In the writ proceedings, the question was whether the opening stock of a newly constituted firm, acquired from the dissolved firm, should be valued at market price or cost price. The court reasoned that to reflect correct trading results, the opening stock must be valued at market price, irrespective of its acquisition source. The court critiqued the Commissioner's concerns regarding depreciation, clarifying that stock-in-trade is not depreciable. It directed the Income-tax Officer to revalue the opening stock at market price for accurate assessment of the newly constituted firm. The court granted a certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court, recognizing the substantial question of law involved in the case. The judgment emphasized the importance of consistent valuation methods for dissolved firms and newly constituted entities to ensure accurate business assessment and fair tax treatment. The decision highlighted the need for clarity in exercising revision powers under the Income-tax Act to uphold principles of fairness and accuracy in tax assessments.
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