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Issues Involved:
1. Admissibility of District Board tax as expenditure under section 10(2)(xv) of the Income-tax Act. 2. Admissibility of contribution to a local school as expenditure under section 10(2)(xv) of the Income-tax Act. 3. Tribunal's discretion to refuse to entertain a new ground of appeal not raised before lower authorities. Detailed Analysis: 1. Admissibility of District Board Tax: The first issue revolved around whether the Rs. 2,000 paid as District Board tax could be considered an admissible expenditure under section 10(2)(xv) of the Income-tax Act. The Income-tax Appellate Tribunal had rejected this claim on the basis that the tax was dependent on the income of the assessee, thereby disqualifying it under section 10(4) of the Income-tax Act. However, the High Court considered the Tribunal's assumption that the tax was an expenditure laid out wholly and exclusively for business purposes. The Court held that the tax was indeed necessary for the company to carry on its business within the District Board's jurisdiction, making it an admissible expenditure. The Court emphasized that the tax was not based on actual profits but on estimated income, which did not equate to profits and gains as mentioned in section 10(4). Therefore, the Rs. 2,000 tax was deemed deductible under section 10(2)(xv). 2. Admissibility of Contribution to Local School: The second issue concerned the Rs. 800 contributed to a local school attended by the children of the company's workers. The Tribunal had disallowed this expenditure, categorizing it as a charitable contribution rather than a business expense. The High Court upheld this decision, noting that there was no contractual obligation between the company and the school, nor was there an agreement with the workers mandating such contributions. The payment was voluntary and did not relate to the company's business operations. Hence, the Rs. 800 was not deductible under section 10(2)(xv). 3. Tribunal's Discretion on New Grounds of Appeal: The third issue questioned whether the Tribunal could refuse to entertain a new ground of appeal that was not raised before the Income-tax Officer or the Appellate Assistant Commissioner. The Tribunal had declined to consider the assessee's argument that Rs. 1,98,000 spent on replacing machinery should be deductible. The High Court found that this issue was a mixed question of fact and law, requiring investigation into whether the replacement constituted a repair or a capital investment. Since such factual inquiries were not conducted by the lower authorities, the Tribunal was justified in refusing to entertain the new ground. The Court noted that allowing new grounds at the appellate stage without prior factual investigation would be inappropriate. Conclusion: The High Court answered the first question in favor of the assessee, allowing the Rs. 2,000 District Board tax as a deductible expenditure. The second question was answered against the assessee, disallowing the Rs. 800 contribution to the local school. The third question was also answered against the assessee, upholding the Tribunal's discretion to refuse new grounds of appeal not previously raised. The parties were directed to bear their own costs, and the fee for the department's counsel was fixed at Rs. 250.
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