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Issues Involved:
1. Reduction in depreciation by reducing loan waived by the Government of India from the cost of assets. 2. Addition in respect of deferred revenue expenses. 3. Disallowance of interest of 8% payable to KFW, Germany. 4. Disallowance of 10-year bond issue expenses. 5. Disallowance of expenditure incurred in relation to water supply and sewerage plant. 6. Treating liability on account of employees benefit scheme as deferred revenue expenditure. 7. Disallowance of claim on account of public deposit scheme interest provided for earlier years for late renewal of deposits by the depositors. 8. Disallowance of expenses under section 14-A of the Act. 9. Depreciation on mining rights. Issue-Wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Reduction in Depreciation by Reducing Loan Waived by the Government of India from the Cost of Assets: The first issue relates to the reduction in depreciation by reducing the loan waived by the Government of India from the cost of assets. The assessee, a public sector company, received loans from the Steel Development Fund (SDF) for modernization and expansion. These loans were waived by the Government, and the assessee reduced the Written Down Value (WDV) of its fixed assets by the waived loan amount. The assessing officer disallowed the claim of depreciation on the original WDV of the assets, arguing that the waiver of the loan should reduce the actual cost of the assets as per section 43(1) of the Act. The CIT (Appeals) upheld this view, stating that the waiver of the loan by the Government effectively reduced the cost of the assets. The Tribunal agreed, citing that the waiver of the loan was akin to a subsidy and should reduce the actual cost of the assets per Explanation 10 to section 43(1). 2. Addition in Respect of Deferred Revenue Expenses: The second issue involves the addition in respect of deferred revenue expenses. The assessee claimed expenses under the Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS) and other heads as revenue expenditure but amortized them in the books of accounts. The assessing officer and CIT (Appeals) allowed the spread of these expenses over five years, citing the long-term benefits derived from these expenditures. However, the Tribunal held that these expenses were revenue in nature and should be allowed in the year incurred, referencing the ITAT's decision in CIT vs. Ashiana Syntex Ltd. and other relevant case laws. 3. Disallowance of Interest of 8% Payable to KFW, Germany: The third issue pertains to the disallowance of interest payable to KFW, Germany. The assessee had taken a loan from KFW at an interest rate of 8.75%, but only 0.75% was paid directly, with the remaining 8% allocated to reserves for pollution control and foreign exchange fluctuation. The assessing officer disallowed the 8% interest, but the Tribunal, following its decision in the assessee's case for the assessment year 1998-99, directed the assessing officer to allow the full interest claim, as there was no waiver of liability by KFW. 4. Disallowance of 10-Year Bond Issue Expenses: The fourth issue involves the disallowance of expenses related to the issuance of non-convertible bonds. The assessing officer treated these expenses as capital expenditure and allowed only 1/10th under section 35-D. The Tribunal, referencing its decision in the assessee's case for the assessment year 1998-99, held that these expenses were revenue in nature and should be allowed in the year incurred. 5. Disallowance of Expenditure Incurred in Relation to Water Supply and Sewerage Plant: The fifth issue concerns the disallowance of depreciation on water supply and sewerage plants used for both factory and residential purposes. The assessing officer allowed depreciation on only 25% of the plant's value. The Tribunal, following its earlier decisions, directed the assessing officer to treat the entire water supply and sewerage plant as 'plant and machinery' for depreciation purposes. 6. Treating Liability on Account of Employees Benefit Scheme as Deferred Revenue Expenditure: The sixth issue relates to treating the liability on account of the employees' benefit scheme as deferred revenue expenditure. The assessee claimed the entire liability based on actuarial valuation. The assessing officer allowed only the actual payment for the year. The Tribunal upheld this view, stating that the liability should be recognized on a year-to-year basis and not in one go. 7. Disallowance of Claim on Account of Public Deposit Scheme Interest Provided for Earlier Years for Late Renewal of Deposits by the Depositors: The seventh issue involves the disallowance of interest on public deposits renewed late. The assessing officer disallowed the interest, treating it as a prior period expense. The Tribunal remanded the matter to the assessing officer to examine whether the interest liability crystallized in the year under consideration or was merely a reconciliation difference. 8. Disallowance of Expenses Under Section 14-A of the Act: The eighth issue on the disallowance of expenses under section 14-A was not pressed during the hearing and was dismissed. 9. Depreciation on Mining Rights: The ninth issue concerns the claim for depreciation on mining rights. The assessing officer disallowed the claim, stating that mining rights were not enumerated as eligible intangible assets. The Tribunal remanded the matter to the assessing officer to verify the date of acquisition of mining rights and examine whether they qualify as intangible assets under the relevant provisions. Conclusion: The Tribunal partly allowed the appeals, providing specific directions for each issue based on the legal provisions and precedents. The order emphasized the need for a detailed examination of facts and adherence to statutory provisions in determining the allowable claims.
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