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1. Justification of canceling penalty under section 271(1)(a) of the Income-tax Act, 1961. 2. Reduction of default period for imposing penalty from 29 to 20 months. Analysis: The judgment by the High Court of Allahabad pertains to applications under section 256(2) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, where the Department sought a reference regarding the cancellation of penalties imposed under section 271(1)(a) of the Act. The primary question raised was whether the Tribunal was legally justified in canceling the penalties. The case involved penalties imposed on the assessee for delayed filing of returns for the years 1978-79, 1979-80, and 1980-81. The assessing authority imposed penalties which were confirmed by the first appellate authority, but the Tribunal canceled the penalties for 1978-79 and 1979-80 while reducing the penalty period for 1980-81 from 29 to 20 months. For the assessment year 1978-79, the Tribunal found that the delay in filing the return was due to the completion of accounts for the previous year, showing reasonable cause for the delay. Consequently, the penalty imposed for this year was rightfully canceled by the Tribunal. Similarly, for the assessment year 1979-80, the penalty was deleted as the advance tax paid by the assessee exceeded the tax payable as per assessment, indicating no default on the part of the assessee. In addressing the question raised for the assessment year 1980-81, the Court considered precedents cited by the Revenue but found them inapplicable to the present case. The Court referred to decisions such as CIT v. Janata Trading Co. and Jamunadas Mannalal v. CIT, highlighting that the grounds for penalty initiation in those cases differed from the current scenario. The Court also referenced the Andhra Pradesh High Court decision in P. Venkata Krishnayya Naidu and Son v. CIT, which supported the principle that penalties should not be levied when advance tax exceeds the tax liability. Ultimately, the High Court upheld the Tribunal's decision to cancel penalties for the assessment years 1978-79 and 1979-80. However, for the assessment year 1980-81, the Court directed the Tribunal to refer the question of reducing the penalty period from 29 to 20 months for the Court's opinion. The Court rejected some income-tax applications while allowing one and directed the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal to adjust the statement of the case accordingly.
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