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Issues:
1. Interpretation of income derived by an abkari contractor. 2. Validity of estimate made by the Income-tax Officer. 3. Allowability of deductions for payments made to officials in the excise department. 4. Justification of the addition of Rs. 5 lakhs to the income returned by the Tribunal. Analysis: The judgment pertains to two petitions under section 256(2) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, arising from an order of the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal. The petitions were filed by the Revenue and the assessee, an abkari contractor, respectively. The primary issue revolved around the determination of the average sale price of arrack by the assessee during the year. The Income-tax Officer contended that the average price was Rs. 25 per litre, based on certain letters and records, and made an addition of Rs. 17,98,950 to the income returned. The Commissioner (Appeals) upheld this addition, but the Tribunal found insufficient evidence to support the Rs. 25 per litre rate. The Tribunal allowed the appeal in part, making an estimate and adding Rs. 5 lakhs to the income returned. Regarding the validity of the estimate made by the Income-tax Officer, the Tribunal's decision to reduce the addition to Rs. 5 lakhs was challenged. The Revenue questioned the Tribunal's reduction and sought justification for the revised estimate. The assessee, on the other hand, contested the addition of Rs. 5 lakhs, claiming it lacked proper justification. Additionally, the assessee argued for the allowance of deductions for payments made to officials in the excise department and sought approval for another deduction amount. The court examined the contentions of both parties and concluded that no legal questions arose from the Tribunal's order warranting reference to the court. The Tribunal's decision was based on the fact that the assessee's accounts were not acceptable, necessitating a fair income estimate. The court noted the lack of sufficient material to support the Rs. 25 per litre rate but acknowledged various payments made by the assessee to officials. The Tribunal's decision to add Rs. 5 lakhs was deemed justified, considering the circumstances and evidence presented. The court found no flaws in the Tribunal's analysis, emphasizing that the findings were factual and supported by the available record materials. Ultimately, the court dismissed both petitions, affirming the Tribunal's decision and ruling that there were no legal grounds for reference to the court. The judgment highlighted the Tribunal's thorough examination of the case, concluding that the findings were based on factual evidence and not speculative assumptions.
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