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Penalty for concealment of income under section 271(1)(c) of the Income Tax Act. Penalty for default in the original return despite filing a revised return. Analysis: The case involved an individual assessee engaged in the business of printing powerloom cloth and sarees. Initially, the assessee filed a return for the assessment year 1971-72, disclosing an income of Rs. 21,400 with estimated sales turnover and profit percentages. Subsequently, the Income-tax Officer estimated a significantly higher sales turnover and income, leading to penalty proceedings under section 271(1)(c) for concealment of income. The burden of proof shifted to the assessee due to the Explanation to section 271(1)(c) being applicable at that time. The Tribunal, after unsuccessful appeals by the assessee, upheld the penalty imposed by the Inspecting Assistant Commissioner. The Tribunal rejected the assessee's explanation of not maintaining accounts and highlighted the substantial disparity in the sales turnover figures between the original and revised returns. The Tribunal's decision was in line with a Supreme Court ruling interpreting the burden of proof under the Explanation to section 271(1)(c). The assessee contended that since the income was enhanced based on estimates, it was not a suitable case for levying a penalty. However, the Court emphasized that the Income-tax Officer had to rely on estimates due to the lack of maintained accounts by the assessee. The Court upheld the Tribunal's decision, stating that the burden of proof was not discharged by the assessee as required by the law. In response to the assessee's reliance on certain precedents, the Court deemed it unnecessary to delve into those cases as they were fact-specific. Ultimately, the Court ruled in favor of the Revenue and against the assessee on both issues raised in the reference questions.
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