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Issues Involved:
1. Deletion of addition related to interest income on tax-free bonds under Section 14A. 2. Deletion of disallowance of prior period expenses. 3. Deletion of addition related to post-retirement medical expenses. 4. Addition of prior period expenses while computing book profits under Section 115JB. 5. Deletion of disallowance under Rule 8D of IT Rules. Detailed Analysis: 1. Deletion of Addition Related to Interest Income on Tax-Free Bonds under Section 14A: The Revenue's primary contention was that the CIT(A) erred in deleting the addition of Rs. 16.40 crores without appreciating that the said amount was earned as interest income on tax-free bonds and expenses related to that income were required to be disallowed under Section 14A. The CIT(A) relied on the decision in the assessee's case for previous years and did not independently verify the expenses for each assessment year. The AO disallowed expenses on a proportionate basis, but the CIT(A) deleted these disallowances, noting that the assessee did not use loan funds for investment in tax-free bonds and no administrative expenses were incurred for earning the exempt income. The ITAT upheld the CIT(A)'s decision, noting that the Revenue did not provide any material evidence to establish a nexus between administrative expenses and interest income from tax-free bonds. 2. Deletion of Disallowance of Prior Period Expenses: The AO disallowed prior period expenses on the grounds that the assessee was following a mercantile system of accounting and such expenses should not be allowed in the current year. The CIT(A) deleted the disallowance, following the decision in the assessee's case for previous years. The ITAT observed that neither the AO nor the CIT(A) analyzed each item of expenditure to ascertain whether the liability for these expenses crystallized in the years under consideration. The ITAT set aside the order of the CIT(A) and restored the matter to the CIT(A) for fresh consideration, directing a detailed analysis to determine if the liability for each expense crystallized in the relevant year. 3. Deletion of Addition Related to Post-Retirement Medical Expenses: The AO disallowed the provision for post-retirement medical benefits, considering it an unascertained liability. The CIT(A) allowed the claim, noting that the provision was based on actuarial valuation and was a real liability, not a contingent one. The ITAT upheld the CIT(A)'s decision, noting that similar provisions had been allowed in previous and subsequent years and there was no material evidence to suggest that the provision was not scientifically made. 4. Addition of Prior Period Expenses While Computing Book Profits under Section 115JB: The AO added prior period expenses while computing book profits under Section 115JB. The CIT(A) deleted these additions, following the decision in the assessee's case for previous years. The ITAT restored the matter to the CIT(A) for fresh consideration, directing an analysis of whether the prior period expenses should be included in the determination of book profits, in light of judicial pronouncements including the decision of the Hon'ble jurisdictional High Court in CIT vs. Khaitan Chemicals And Fertilizers Limited. 5. Deletion of Disallowance under Rule 8D of IT Rules: In assessment year 2007-08, the AO disallowed expenses under Rule 8D of the Income-tax Rules, 1962. The CIT(A) deleted the disallowance, following the decision in the assessee's case for previous years. The ITAT noted that Rule 8D, inserted w.e.f 24.3.2008, could not be regarded as retrospective and was applicable only from AY 2008-09. The ITAT upheld the CIT(A)'s decision, noting that there was no material evidence to suggest that the assessee incurred any expenditure for earning the exempt income and disallowance under Rule 8D was not justified for the years under consideration. Conclusion: The ITAT dismissed the appeals for the AY 2002-03 and 2007-08, while the appeals for the AYs 2003-04 and 2004-05 were partly allowed for statistical purposes. The matters were restored to the CIT(A) for fresh consideration on specific issues, directing a detailed analysis and speaking orders in accordance with law.
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