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Issues:
1. Assessment of trust income and applicability of basic exemption. 2. Interpretation of Section 164 of the Income Tax Act. 3. Calculation of tax rate for trust income. Analysis: 1. The judgment pertains to the assessment of a trust's income for the year 1974-75. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) treated the trust as an association of persons and determined the income at Rs. 6,500, denying the basic exemption of Rs. 5,000 available to associations of persons under the Finance Act. The Appellate Authority Commissioner (AAC) allowed a deduction of Rs. 3,000 under section 80L of the IT Act. The Tribunal found that the trust deed had not been properly considered and sent the matter back to the ITO for further examination. 2. The Tribunal considered the applicability of Section 164 of the Income Tax Act, which deals with the taxation of income of beneficiaries of a trust. The Tribunal held that the rate of 65% specified in Section 164 takes precedence over any basic exemption specified in the Finance Act. The Tribunal directed the ITO to compute tax after determining the portion of income to which Section 164 would apply. 3. The High Court, upon considering the language of Section 164(3)(b) and relevant provisions of the Finance Act, agreed with the Tribunal's interpretation. The Court relied on previous decisions to support its conclusion that the tax rate of 65% should be calculated without allowing the basic exemption of Rs. 5,000. The Court also noted that Section 139(4A) of the IT Act, which applies to income derived from property held for charitable or religious purposes, was not relevant in this case due to the nature of the trust deed. In conclusion, the High Court upheld the Tribunal's decision, ruling in favor of the Revenue. The judgment clarifies the tax treatment of trust income under Section 164 and emphasizes the precedence of the specified tax rate over any basic exemption provided by the Finance Act. Each party was ordered to bear its own costs in the case.
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