1981 (12) TMI 26 - HC - Wealth-tax

Summary

Issues Involved:
1. Valuation of unquoted equity shares.
2. Valuation of partnership interest.
3. Classification of gratuity fund contributions as contingent or certain liabilities.
4. Application of relevant Wealth Tax (W.T.) Rules and Income Tax (I.T.) Rules.

Issue-wise Detailed Analysis:

1. Valuation of Unquoted Equity Shares:
The judgment addresses the valuation of shares in two private limited companies, Shri Ramalinga Mills Private Ltd. and Aruppukkottai Shri Jayavilas Private Ltd., held by the assessees. The shares are unquoted in the share market, and their valuation is governed by Rule 1D of the Wealth Tax Rules, 1957, which incorporates the "break-up method of valuation." This method involves calculating the net worth of the company by subtracting liabilities from assets and then determining the value of individual shares as a fraction of the net worth. The rule specifies that contingent liabilities should be excluded from this calculation.

2. Valuation of Partnership Interest:
The valuation of a partner's share in the firm, Shri Jayajothi and Company, follows similar principles under Rules 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, and 2E of the W.T. Rules. Rule 2 mandates that the net wealth of the firm be first determined, and the partner's share is then derived from this net wealth. Rules 2D and 2E specify adjustments, including the exclusion of contingent liabilities from the net worth calculation.

3. Classification of Gratuity Fund Contributions:
The core issue is whether the initial and annual contributions to the approved gratuity funds should be classified as contingent liabilities or certain liabilities. The Tribunal held that once the Commissioner approved the gratuity funds, the contributions made by the employers should be regarded as certain liabilities. This decision was based on the provisions made in the balance-sheets, which were actuarially valued, indicating that the liability was ascertained even though the actual payment would occur upon the employees' retirement or death.

4. Application of Relevant W.T. Rules and I.T. Rules:
The judgment emphasizes the application of W.T. Rules, specifically Rule 1D and Rule 2E, which exclude contingent liabilities from the net worth computation. It also references Rules 103 and 104 of the I.T. Rules, 1962, which mandate employers to make initial and annual contributions to approved gratuity funds. The court concluded that once the gratuity fund is approved, the employer's obligation to contribute becomes a present liability, not a contingent one. This is because the liability arises from the creation and approval of the fund, not from the future event of an employee's retirement or death.

Conclusion:
The court affirmed the Tribunal's view that contributions to approved gratuity funds are certain liabilities and should be deducted when computing the net worth of the companies and the partnership firm. This decision aligns with the statutory obligations under the I.T. Rules and the specific exclusions of contingent liabilities under the W.T. Rules. The court's decision is based on the legal framework governing approved gratuity funds and the principles of accountancy, as highlighted in the cited case of CWT v. Ranganayaki Gopalan.

Judgment:
The court answered the question of law in the affirmative and against the Department, ruling that the provision for gratuity should be deducted in determining the value of shares in a partnership firm or a private limited company. The Department was ordered to pay the costs, with counsel's fee fixed at Rs. 500.