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Issues:
1. Allegations of gender discrimination in promotion. 2. Unconstitutionality of service rules regarding marriage and promotion. 3. Seniority concerns post-promotion. Analysis: Issue 1: Allegations of gender discrimination in promotion The petitioner, a senior member of the Indian Foreign Service, alleged gender bias in the denial of her promotion to Grade I. She highlighted instances of discrimination against women in the service, including attempts to dissuade her from joining, unfavorable treatment during interviews, and the requirement to resign upon marriage. These actions were deemed violative of Articles 14 and 15 of the Constitution, which prohibit discrimination based on sex. The court expressed concern over the persistence of gender prejudice in the service rules despite constitutional mandates, emphasizing the need for equal treatment and justice for all individuals. Issue 2: Unconstitutionality of service rules regarding marriage and promotion The judgment scrutinized two specific rules in the Indian Foreign Service regulations that were deemed discriminatory against women. Rule 8(2) required female members to seek government permission before marriage and risk resignation if family commitments interfered with their duties. Similarly, Rule 18 restricted the appointment of married women to the service. The court criticized these rules as misogynistic and in violation of Article 16, emphasizing the importance of gender equality in all spheres of employment. The government later acknowledged the need to delete these rules to eliminate gender bias from the service regulations. Issue 3: Seniority concerns post-promotion After the initiation of the legal proceedings, the petitioner was eventually promoted and appointed as an Ambassador. However, concerns regarding the seniority of the petitioner compared to junior officers who were promoted ahead of her were raised. The court acknowledged the significance of seniority in the petitioner's career progression and directed the government to review her seniority status to ensure fairness and justice. The court emphasized the importance of addressing grievances related to seniority to ensure that all employees can contribute effectively to the country. In conclusion, while dismissing the petition, the court highlighted the persistent issue of gender discrimination in service rules and emphasized the need for a comprehensive overhaul of all regulations to eliminate any traces of bias. The judgment underscored the importance of upholding constitutional principles of equality and justice in all aspects of public service, ensuring a fair and inclusive working environment for all individuals.
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