2012 (7) TMI 1160 - HC - Indian Laws

Summary

Issues Involved:
1. Whether the nature of the dispute was civil or criminal.
2. Whether the action by the respondent was initiated with mala fide intention.
3. Whether the allegations in the complaint and the consequent FIR make out a criminal case against the petitioners.

Summary:

1. Nature of the Dispute:
The primary issue was whether the dispute was of a civil nature or a criminal offense. The court observed that the dispute between the parties was essentially civil, arising from a Joint Venture Agreement and subsequent disagreements. The court cited several judgments, including *M/s. Indian Oil Corporation Vs. NEPC India Ltd.* and *V.Y. Jose & Anr. Vs. State of Gujarat & Anr.*, emphasizing that civil disputes should not be converted into criminal cases to exert pressure on the opposing party. The court concluded that the complaint and FIR were attempts to convert a civil dispute into a criminal one, thus deserving quashing.

2. Mala Fide Intention:
The court examined whether the respondent's actions were motivated by mala fide intentions. Although allegations of mala fides were made, the court noted that the petitioners failed to provide prima facie evidence to establish such intentions. The court referred to the judgment in *State of Bihar Vs. P.P. Sharma, IAS & Anr.*, highlighting the need for concrete evidence to prove mala fide actions.

3. Prima Facie Criminal Case:
The court analyzed whether the allegations in the complaint and FIR constituted a criminal offense under various sections of the IPC. The court found that the essential ingredients of the offenses, such as theft (Section 381), dishonest misappropriation of property (Section 403), criminal breach of trust (Sections 405 and 406), cheating (Sections 417, 419, and 420), conspiracy (Section 120-B), and defamation (Section 500), were not satisfied. The court emphasized that the relationship between the parties did not involve entrustment or dishonest intention at the inception of the transaction. The court cited relevant judgments, including *Ira Juneja & Anr. Vs. State and Anr.* and *Velji Raghavji Patel Vs. State*, to support its findings.

Conclusion:
The court concluded that the invocation of Section 156(3) Cr. P.C. by the complainant was a gross abuse of the process of law, as the dispute was civil in nature and did not constitute a criminal offense. The court exercised its power u/s 482 Cr. P.C. to quash Complaint No. 507/2001 and FIR No. 411/2004, along with the consequent proceedings. The parties were directed to bear their respective costs.