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1. Whether the share of goodwill of a deceased partner in the assets of a firm passes on his death under the Estate Duty Act? Analysis: The case involved the computation of the principal value of the estate of a deceased partner, including the share of goodwill in a firm. The Assistant Controller of Estate Duty initially included the goodwill share in the valuation, which was confirmed by the Zonal Appellate Controller. However, the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal, following a precedent, held that the share of goodwill of a deceased partner does not pass on his death and thus should not be considered in the estate valuation. The pivotal question was whether the share of a deceased partner in the goodwill of a firm constitutes property passing on death under the Estate Duty Act. The judgment delved into the legal framework, emphasizing that under the Indian Partnership Act, the goodwill of a firm is considered a firm's asset, and a deceased partner's share in the goodwill devolves upon their legal representatives. The Supreme Court's interpretation highlighted that the right to a share in the assets, including goodwill, remains with the legal representatives, even if the partnership agreement provides for the firm's continuation after a partner's death. The judgment referenced various legal precedents, including the Privy Council decision, to establish that the goodwill of a firm is an asset that passes on the death of a partner. Moreover, the judgment scrutinized conflicting decisions, such as a Gujarat High Court ruling that the interest in goodwill extinguishes upon a partner's death based on the partnership deed's clause. However, the court opined that the Gujarat High Court's interpretation was contrary to established legal principles and previous judgments. The court also disagreed with a previous High Court ruling in Punjab and Haryana that goodwill has no value in a going concern of a partnership, asserting that such a stance contradicts statutory provisions and established legal principles. Ultimately, the court concluded that the share of a deceased partner in the goodwill of a firm does pass on death, aligning with the Madras High Court's view. The judgment rejected the earlier Punjab and Haryana High Court ruling, emphasizing that the goodwill of a firm is an asset that devolves to the legal representatives of a deceased partner. Consequently, the court answered the referred question against the assessee and in favor of the revenue, affirming the inclusion of the goodwill share in the estate valuation.
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