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Interpretation of section 2(5)(a)(iii) of the Finance Act, 1965 regarding entitlement to rebate for indirect exports made through third parties. Analysis: The judgment delivered by the High Court of Allahabad involved a question referred by the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal regarding the entitlement of an assessee-company to a rebate under section 2(5)(a)(i) of the Finance Act, 1965, for indirect exports made through third parties. The assessee, a public limited company engaged in the manufacture and sale of cotton textiles, had made both direct and indirect exports during the assessment year 1965-66. The Income-tax Officer allowed rebate on direct exports but only a 2% rebate on the sale proceeds for indirect exports. The Tribunal upheld this decision, leading to the current interpretation issue. The key provision in question was section 2(5)(a)(iii) of the Finance Act, which allows for a deduction in income tax for certain types of assessees engaged in specified industries who sell articles to other persons in India for export. The Tribunal found that the goods in question were invoiced to the exporters in India by the assessee, and the prices were paid before export. The title in the goods passed to the exporter, who then directly exported the goods. The Tribunal concluded that the requirements of section 2(5)(a)(iii) were satisfied in the assessee's case. The counsel for the assessee argued that the case should fall under section 2(5)(a)(i) as the assessee derived profits from the export of articles through a third party. However, the Court rejected this argument, stating that section 2(5)(a)(iii) specifically deals with cases where exports are channeled through third parties. Allowing the assessee to claim rebate under section 2(5)(a)(i) would lead to an unintended benefit for indirect exporters, contrary to legislative intent. The Court emphasized that the legislature had made specific provisions for different types of exporters, and the assessee could not bypass the provisions applicable to indirect exports. In conclusion, the High Court answered the question in the negative, ruling against the assessee and in favor of the department. The Commissioner was awarded costs, and the judgment clarified the distinction between rebate entitlement for direct and indirect exporters under the relevant provisions of the Finance Act, 1965.
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