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Issues:
1. Whether the deduction claimed by the assessee in respect of any item of expenditure during the relevant accounting period was justified? 2. Whether the liability for payment of gratuity to an individual was incurred during the relevant accounting period for the assessment year 1963-64? Analysis: The judgment pertains to a supplementary statement in an income-tax referred case where the High Court was tasked with determining the validity of a deduction claimed by the assessee in relation to gratuity payment. The Income-tax Appellate Tribunal had found that there was no existing liability incurred by the assessee-company during the relevant accounting period, and the deduction claimed was not for any item of expenditure incurred during that period. The Tribunal's findings were challenged by the assessee's counsel, arguing that the evidence presented had not been properly considered. The counsel contended that the company had accepted the liability for gratuity payment during the relevant accounting period, supported by the balance-sheet and profit and loss account for the year ended December 31, 1962. Reference was made to the Companies Act and the authority of directors to make such decisions. The counsel urged that the findings should have been in favor of the assessee if all relevant evidence had been considered. In response to the arguments presented, the High Court declined to answer the question due to the defective finding of the Tribunal, which failed to consider relevant materials. The Court emphasized the importance of reviewing the profit and loss account, balance-sheet, and relevant provisions of the Companies Act in making determinations on such matters. It was noted that the Tribunal did not refer to the documents provided, which contained crucial information for reaching a decision. The Court directed the Tribunal to rehear the appeal under section 260(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, considering the observations made in the judgment. The judgment highlighted the necessity of properly evaluating all evidence and legal provisions before making decisions in income-tax cases to ensure fairness and accuracy in the adjudication process.
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