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2021 (1) TMI 323 - AT - Income TaxAccrual of income in India - Taxability of SAP License Charges as Royalty - Sale of software or mere reimbursement of expenses - whether Appellant has only recharged actual cost it incurred for acquiring SAP licenses from third party and since there is no profit element the same is not taxable in India? - assessee before us is a company incorporated, and fiscally domiciled, in Sweden. It has a subsidiary in India by the name of SCA Hygiene Products India Pvt Ltd (SCA-India) - HELD THAT - We hold that the receipt of software licence fees by the assessee, from its Indian subsidiary, is reimbursement of software licence fees paid by the assessee to a third party, and, therefore, it cannot constitute income taxable in the hands of the assessee. As this income is not taxable under the domestic law provisions in India, we see no need to deal with the other aspects of the matter with respect to non-taxation of this income under the provisions of the Indo- Swedish tax treaty. We leave it at that. Taxability of consultancy services as FTS - As argued Appellant has only recharged the actual cost it incurred for providing the project consultancy services and since there is no profit element the same is not taxable in India - what is the impact of the MFN clause in the Indo Swedish tax treaty, read with the Indo Portuguese tax treaty which was subsequently entered into between India and Portugal, an OCED member country.? - HELD THAT - It is not in dispute that Portugal is an OECD jurisdiction, that the Indo Portuguese tax treaty was entered into after the Indo Swedish tax treaty was entered into, and that the Indo Portuguese tax treaty provides far more restricted scope of 'fees for technical services' inasmuch as it adopts the 'make available' clause which restricts the taxation of fees for technical services only in such cases which make available technical knowledge, experience, skill, know-how or processes or consist of the development and transfer of a technical plan or technical design which enables the person acquiring the services to apply the technology contained therein. Therefore, respectfully following the coordinate bench decision in the case of ITC Ltd 2001 (12) TMI 196 - ITAT CALCUTTA-A which has been specifically approved by Hon'ble Delhi High Court in the case of Steria India Ltd 2016 (8) TMI 166 - DELHI HIGH COURT we hold that the provisions of article 12 (4)(b) of the Indo Portuguese tax treaty, being more restricted in scope vis- -vis article 12(3)(b) of Indo Swedish tax treaty, apply in the Indo Swedish tax treaty as well. Connotations of 'make available' clause in the treaty, this issue is no longer res integra. There are at least two non-jurisdictional High Court decisions, namely Hon'ble Delhi High Court in the case of DIT v. Guy Carpenter Co Ltd. 2012 (5) TMI 31 - DELHI HIGH COURT and Hon'ble Karnataka High Court in the case of CIT v. De Beers India (P.) Ltd. 2012 (5) TMI 191 - KARNATAKA HIGH COURT in favour of the assessee, and there is no contrary decision by Hon'ble jurisdictional High Court or by Hon'ble Supreme Court. Just because the Indian entity is interacting with the project leader and getting inputs from him does not mean that the Indian entity is transferred the technology of being a project leader of this type and next time Indian entity can perform similar services without recourse to the same- which is the core test for the fulfilment of 'make available' clause. We are unable to approve the stand of the authorities below on this point. In our considered view, in the light of the discussions above, the make available clause is not satisfied, in the course of rendition of services by the assessee, and, as such, the consultancy fees cannot be brought to tax, in the hands of the assessee, under article 12 of Indo Swedish tax treaty. Taxability on account of Information Technology Services - main reason for its taxability by the DRP is stated to be that the services is found to be intrinsically linked with enjoyment of the SAP system and hence, would fall within the ambit of Article 12(4)(a) - HELD THAT - the person receiving the money as royalty, such as the actual seller of the software in this case, and the person providing service ancillary or subsidiary to the enjoyment of that right, must be the same. That's not the case here. In the present case, the payment received by the assessee has been held to be in the nature of reimbursement, which is outside the ambit of taxation. The person selling the SAP software is Be One Solution, Switzerland, whereas the person providing the services in question is the assessee. Article 12(4)(a) will not, therefore, come into play at all. In our considered view, therefore, the taxation under article 12 in the present case can come into play only when the make available clause is satisfied, but then the Assessing Officer's justification for the satisfaction of 'make available' clause, for the detailed reasons set out earlier in this paragraph, does not meet our judicial approval. In view of these discussions, as also bearing in mind the entirety of the case, we uphold the plea of the assessee on this point as well. Accordingly, we hold that the income on account of Information Technology Services is also not taxable under article 12.
Issues Involved:
1. Taxability of SAP License Charges as Royalty. 2. Taxability of Consultancy Services as Fees for Technical Services (FTS). 3. Taxability of IT Support Services as Fees for Technical Services (FTS) or Royalty. Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Taxability of SAP License Charges as Royalty: The assessee, a Swedish company, provided SAP software licenses to its Indian subsidiary on a cost-to-cost basis without any markup. The Assessing Officer (AO) taxed the amount received as royalty under Article 12(3)(a) of the India-Sweden Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA). The assessee argued that the amount was a reimbursement of expenses without any profit element and thus not taxable. The Dispute Resolution Panel (DRP) rejected this argument, treating the transaction as cost allocation rather than reimbursement. However, the Tribunal found factual inaccuracies in the DRP's findings and concluded that the payment was indeed a reimbursement. Citing the jurisdictional High Court's decision in CIT Vs Siemens AG, the Tribunal held that reimbursements without profit elements are not taxable as income. Consequently, the Tribunal ruled that the SAP license charges were not taxable as royalty in the hands of the assessee. 2. Taxability of Consultancy Services as Fees for Technical Services (FTS): The assessee provided project consultancy services for setting up a factory in India, charging on a cost basis. The AO and DRP held the amount received as taxable FTS under the DTAA, arguing that the services included developing technical plans and designs. The assessee contended that the services did not "make available" technical knowledge or skills to the Indian subsidiary, a requirement under the India-Portugal DTAA, which should apply due to the Most Favoured Nation (MFN) clause in the India-Sweden DTAA. The Tribunal agreed with the assessee, noting that the consultancy services did not enable the Indian subsidiary to perform similar services independently in the future. Therefore, the "make available" clause was not satisfied, and the consultancy fees were not taxable as FTS under Article 12 of the India-Sweden DTAA. 3. Taxability of IT Support Services as Fees for Technical Services (FTS) or Royalty: The assessee provided IT support services, including ERP and CRM system support, to its Indian subsidiary. The AO and DRP taxed these services as FTS or royalty under the DTAA, arguing that the services were linked to the enjoyment of the SAP system and provided enduring benefits to the Indian subsidiary. The Tribunal disagreed, stating that the services did not "make available" technical knowledge or skills to the Indian subsidiary, as required under the India-Portugal DTAA. The Tribunal also noted that the IT support services were not ancillary and subsidiary to the SAP system, and the payment was not separately identified. Therefore, the IT support services were not taxable as FTS or royalty under Article 12 of the India-Sweden DTAA. Conclusion: The Tribunal allowed the appeal, ruling that the SAP license charges, consultancy services, and IT support services provided by the assessee to its Indian subsidiary were not taxable under the India-Sweden DTAA. The Tribunal emphasized the importance of the "make available" clause and the nature of reimbursements in determining the taxability of these services.
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