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Classification of imported "Silk Bolting Cloth" for customs duty under Item 72(3) or Item 48 of the Import Tariff Schedule. Analysis: The petitioner, a company importing "Silk Bolting Cloth" from Switzerland for use in manufacturing coated and bonded abrasives, sought to pay customs duty under Item 72(3) of the Import Tariff. They argued that the cloth was an essential component part of machinery designed for sieving grains used in abrasive manufacturing. The Customs Authorities, however, classified the cloth under Item 48, which attracted a higher duty of 120% ad valorem plus Rs. 13.80 per kilogram. The petitioner contended that the proper duty was under Item 72(3) and filed a writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution challenging the Customs Authority's decision. The petitioner asserted that the "Silk Bolting Cloth" was specifically intended for use as a component part of machinery for abrasives manufacturing, as evidenced by its standard measurements and specialized cutting by suppliers. They highlighted the high cost of the material and the impracticality of using it for purposes like wearing apparel due to its specialized size and price. The petitioner argued that the cloth's standardized measurements indicated its specialized adaptation for machinery use, supporting its classification under Item 72(3) for customs duty. In response, the Department contended that the cloth had broader uses beyond flour milling machinery, such as in printing, sifting abrasive grains, and textile printing. They even suggested the possibility of using it as wearing apparel. However, the court found these arguments unconvincing, emphasizing the cloth's high price and specific measurements as strong indicators of its specialized use as a component part of machinery. The court dismissed the Department's classification under Item 48(c) as contrary to common sense and reality, concluding that the petitioner's claim for classification under Item 72(3) was valid. The court allowed the writ petition, quashing the Customs Authority's decision to levy a higher duty on the imported "Silk Bolting Cloth." The judgment highlighted the importance of considering the specific characteristics and intended use of imported goods in determining their classification for customs duty, emphasizing the need for a reasonable interpretation of tariff provisions.
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