1972 (3) TMI 114 - SC - Indian Laws

Summary

Issues Involved:

1. Jurisdiction of the Labour Court under Section 78(1) of the Bombay Industrial Relations Act.
2. Compliance with Section 42(4) of the Bombay Industrial Relations Act as a condition precedent.
3. Interpretation of the relevant provisions in Chapter VIII of the Act concerning "changes."
4. The procedural requirements for invoking the jurisdiction of the Labour Court.
5. The legislative intent behind the amendments introduced by Maharashtra Act 22 of 1965.

Issue-wise Detailed Analysis:

1. Jurisdiction of the Labour Court under Section 78(1):

The primary issue in this appeal was whether the Labour Court at Nagpur could exercise jurisdiction under Section 78(1) of the Bombay Industrial Relations Act without the employee complying with Section 42(4). The Labour Court initially held that the dismissal of the employee was improper, leading to the employee's reinstatement. The Supreme Court examined the powers of the Labour Court, noting that Section 78(1) gives the Labour Court authority to decide disputes regarding the propriety or legality of an employer's order, including dismissal.

2. Compliance with Section 42(4) as a Condition Precedent:

The appellant argued that the employee had failed to comply with Section 42(4), which requires an employee desiring a change in respect of an industrial matter to first approach the employer. The proviso to Section 42(4) mandates that no application shall lie unless the employee has approached the employer and no agreement has been reached. The Supreme Court concluded that compliance with Section 42(4) is indeed a condition precedent for invoking the jurisdiction of the Labour Court.

3. Interpretation of Chapter VIII Provisions:

The Court examined Chapter VIII, which deals with "changes" in industrial matters. It clarified that a "change" includes any alteration in an industrial matter, such as dismissal. The Court emphasized that the scheme of Chapter VIII requires efforts to settle disputes through negotiation before resorting to the Labour Court. The Court rejected the notion that the introduction of paragraph D in Section 78(1) intended to bypass the procedural requirements of Chapter VIII.

4. Procedural Requirements for Invoking Labour Court Jurisdiction:

The Court highlighted that the Labour Court's jurisdiction is contingent upon the procedural requirements outlined in Section 79, which mandates that proceedings must commence on an application made in the prescribed form and manner. The Court underscored that the Labour Court, as a statutory body, can only exercise jurisdiction conferred by the statute, and preconditions to jurisdiction must be met.

5. Legislative Intent Behind Maharashtra Act 22 of 1965:

The Court analyzed the legislative intent behind the amendments introduced by Maharashtra Act 22 of 1965, which included paragraph D in Section 78(1). The Statement of Objects and Reasons indicated that the aim was to enlarge the powers of the Labour Court, not to create a separate procedural pathway. The Court concluded that the legislative intent was to enhance the Labour Court's powers while maintaining the procedural framework established by the Act.

Conclusion:

The Supreme Court set aside the order of the High Court, allowed the appeal, and quashed the orders of the Labour Court and the Industrial Court. The Court emphasized the necessity of complying with the procedural requirements before invoking the Labour Court's jurisdiction. However, no consequential relief was ordered due to the appellant's assurance not to enforce the termination order. The Court made no order as to costs.