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ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDERED
The core legal questions considered in this judgment were:
ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS 1. Determination of Age and Consent Relevant legal framework and precedents: The court considered the significance of the prosecutrix's age in determining consent. The evidence included a school register and the testimony of a medical officer. The judgment referenced State of Chhattisgarh v. Lekhram and Vishnu v. State of Maharashtra to discuss the evidentiary value of school records and medical opinions. Court's interpretation and reasoning: The court held that the school register was admissible evidence under Section 35 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, and had evidentiary value. The court found the prosecutrix was under 16 years of age, negating any possibility of legal consent. 2. Allegation of Rape under Section 376 IPC Relevant legal framework and precedents: The court examined the definition of rape under Section 375 IPC and the amendments introduced by the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 1983. The court referenced legal texts to define "carnal knowledge" and the requirement of penetration. Court's interpretation and reasoning: The court found that the medical evidence did not support the occurrence of rape, as there was no evidence of penetration. The testimony of the medical officer (PW 9) indicated that sexual intercourse had not taken place. 3. Attempt to Commit Rape under Section 511 IPC Application of law to facts: Despite the absence of penetration, the court found sufficient evidence of an attempt to commit rape. The court concluded that the appellant's actions constituted an attempt, thus warranting conviction under Section 511 IPC. 4. Kidnapping under Sections 363 and 366 IPC Relevant legal framework and precedents: Sections 363 and 366 IPC pertain to kidnapping and abduction for illicit purposes. The court relied on the evidence of the prosecutrix and other witnesses to establish the elements of these offenses. Court's interpretation and reasoning: The court found that the appellant had induced the prosecutrix with the promise of marriage and had taken her away without her consent, fulfilling the criteria for kidnapping under the relevant sections. 5. Abetment under Section 109 IPC Relevant legal framework and precedents: The court discussed the elements of abetment, including instigation, conspiracy, and aiding, as outlined in Section 109 IPC. The court referenced Kehar Singh and Ors. v. The State (Delhi Admn.) to clarify the distinction between abetment and conspiracy. Court's interpretation and reasoning: The court concluded that Section 109 IPC did not apply, as the evidence did not support a finding of abetment by the appellant. SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGS Preserve verbatim quotes of crucial legal reasoning: The court stated, "In the instant case though the rape does not appear to have been committed but the attempt to commit the rape is clearly established." Core principles established: The judgment reinforced the principle that an attempt to commit an offense can be punishable even if the offense itself is not completed. It also highlighted the importance of age determination in cases involving consent. Final determinations on each issue: The court upheld the appellant's conviction for attempting to commit rape under Section 511 IPC and for kidnapping under Sections 363 and 366 IPC. The convictions under Sections 109 and 376 IPC were set aside. The sentences were ordered to run concurrently.
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