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Issues Involved:
1. Charging of interest under Section 201(1A) of the Income Tax Act. 2. Confirmation of penalty under Section 221 of the Income Tax Act. Detailed Analysis: Issue 1: Charging of Interest under Section 201(1A) Facts of the Case: The appellant company, engaged in holding investments and financing industrial enterprises, follows the mercantile system of accounting. For the financial year ending on 31st March 1982, the company made a provision for interest payable on loans from sister concerns, crediting the amount to an "interest payable account" rather than the accounts of the payees. The total interest provision was Rs. 1,91,252, with Rs. 38,281 paid during the year and the remaining Rs. 1,52,971 credited to the "interest payable account." Contentions by the Assessee: The appellant argued that according to Section 194A, tax was not required to be deducted at source when the interest was credited to the "interest payable account" as it was neither credited to the payees' accounts nor paid to them. The appellant relied on Instruction No. 1215 dated 8th November 1978, which clarified that tax need not be deducted when interest is credited to an "interest payable account." The appellant also cited various tribunal decisions supporting this interpretation. Contentions by the Department: The department argued that the interest was constructively credited to the accounts of the payees and hence tax should have been deducted at source. They relied on Circular No. 288 dated 22nd December 1980, which stated that crediting interest to nominal accounts like "interest payable account" should be treated as crediting to the account of the payee. Tribunal's Findings: - The tribunal noted that the appellant had credited the interest to an "interest payable account" due to a lack of liquid funds, with the consent of the creditors. - The tribunal held that as per the plain reading of Section 194A and Instruction No. 1215 dated 8th November 1978, the liability to deduct tax at source did not arise when the interest was credited to the "interest payable account." - The tribunal rejected the department's reliance on Circular No. 288, noting that the subsequent Explanation added to Section 194A by the Finance Act, 1987, effective from 1st June 1987, clarified that such credits would be deemed as credits to the payees' accounts, indicating that prior to this amendment, such credits were not covered under Section 194A. - The tribunal concluded that the appellant was not liable to deduct tax at source at the time of crediting the interest to the "interest payable account" and thus, the interest charged under Section 201(1A) was not valid. Issue 2: Confirmation of Penalty under Section 221 Facts of the Case: The appellant was also penalized under Section 221 for not deducting tax at source on the provision for interest. Contentions by the Assessee: The appellant argued that since there was no liability to deduct tax at source under Section 194A, the penalty under Section 221 was unwarranted. Contentions by the Department: The department supported the imposition of the penalty, arguing that the appellant had failed to meet its tax obligations. Tribunal's Findings: - The tribunal, having concluded that the appellant was not liable to deduct tax at source under Section 194A, held that the penalty under Section 221 was consequently not applicable. - The tribunal canceled the penalty imposed under Section 221. Conclusion: Both appeals were allowed, with the tribunal ruling that the appellant was not liable to deduct tax at source on the interest provision credited to the "interest payable account" and thus, the interest charged under Section 201(1A) and the penalty under Section 221 were both canceled.
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