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Issues:
1. Validity of partnership deed under the Indian Partnership Act, 1932. 2. Impact of a minor becoming a major during the accounting period on partnership registration. 3. Application of statutory provisions regarding partnership rights and liabilities. 4. Interpretation of case law regarding partnership deed validity and registration requirements. Detailed Analysis: 1. The issue in this case revolved around the validity of the partnership deed under the Indian Partnership Act, 1932. The Commissioner cancelled the registration granted by the ITO, citing that the partnership deed executed after a minor partner attained majority did not establish a valid partnership from the beginning of the accounting period. The Commissioner relied on the Supreme Court decision in R.C. Mitter & Sons v. CIT [1959] 36 ITR 194, which emphasized the importance of a written partnership agreement reflecting all terms and conditions from the initial stages. 2. The assessee's counsel argued that the partnership deed was executed when the minor partner had already become a major, emphasizing that the partnership accounts were maintained during the period when the partner was of legal age. Additionally, since there were no losses during the accounting period, the minor partner did not incur any liability. The counsel referenced the Gauhati High Court decision in P.N. Sarmah v. CIT [1980] 125 ITR 553 to support the argument that the deed's effect aligned with statutory provisions, ensuring the minor partner's rights and liabilities upon attaining majority. 3. The departmental representative contended that the change in profit-sharing ratio and the absence of a formal application for continued registration of the old deed rendered the new partnership invalid. He highlighted clauses in the new partnership deed holding the minor partner liable for losses, emphasizing that the partnership agreement's validity should not be contingent upon the absence of losses during the period. 4. The Tribunal concurred with the department's representative, emphasizing that the validity of the partnership deed was fundamental to the matter at hand. The decision in Laxmichand Hirjibhai v. CIT [1981] 128 ITR 747 was distinguished, as it did not involve the question of partnership deed validity. 5. The Tribunal further reasoned that when the minor partner became a major and entered into the partnership, he assumed liabilities, if any, during his minority. Since there were no liabilities during the period in question, the validity of the partnership deed was upheld, as the purpose of preventing minors from incurring liabilities was not relevant in this scenario. 6. The Tribunal differentiated cases where minors are made partners by adults from the current situation, where the minor partner became a major and entered into the partnership himself. Citing the decision in P.N. Sarmah, the Tribunal concluded that the partnership deed aligned with statutory provisions, justifying the registration of the firm. 7. The Tribunal distinguished the Commissioner's reliance on R.C. Mitter & Sons, emphasizing that in the present case, there was an actual written partnership deed. Consequently, the Tribunal ruled in favor of granting registration to the firm, setting aside the Commissioner's order and restoring that of the ITO. 8. Ultimately, the Tribunal allowed the appeal, affirming the validity of the partnership deed and the registration of the firm under the Income-tax Act, 1961.
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