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Issues: Appeal against deletion of penalty u/s 271C for financial year 1991-92 due to short-deduction of tax at source from dividends.
Summary: The appeal was filed by the Revenue against the deletion of a penalty of Rs. 1,20,000 imposed for short-deduction of tax at source from dividends. The programming error led to the short-deduction, specifically in cases involving Andrew Yule & Co. Ltd. and Bengal Coal Co. Ltd. The issue revolved around whether the penalty under s. 271C was justified given the circumstances. The CIT(A) held that the short deduction was not deliberate and relied on the principle established in Hindustan Steel Ltd. vs. State of Orissa to conclude that penalty for bona fide mistakes is not leviable. The Tribunal emphasized that penalty under s. 271C is not automatic and can be avoided if a reasonable cause for the failure to deduct tax is demonstrated. The determination of "reasonable cause" is a factual inquiry based on the specific circumstances of each case. The Tribunal highlighted that penalty should not be imposed unless there is deliberate defiance of the law or contumacious conduct. In this case, the programming error leading to short-deduction was deemed a plausible explanation, and the rejection of the assessee's explanation by the Dy. CIT was considered unjustified. The Tribunal concluded that the penalty under s. 271C was not justified in this case, as there was no evidence of deliberate defiance of the law or dishonest conduct by the assessee. The decision to quash the penalty imposed by the CIT(A) was upheld, emphasizing the need for an objective and impartial examination of the assessee's explanation. The Tribunal clarified that their decision on the penalty did not preclude any other actions that the Assessing Officer may take regarding the short-deduction of tax at source. In conclusion, the Tribunal dismissed the Revenue's appeal, affirming the decision to delete the penalty under s. 271C for the financial year 1991-92.
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