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Interpretation of trust deed clauses regarding distribution of income and assets, determination of beneficiaries' entitlement, discretionary powers of trustees, tax liability of trust. Analysis: The judgment involves the interpretation of a trust deed created by Smt. Sulochana Bhimashankar Raghoji, focusing on the distribution of income and assets among beneficiaries, determination of beneficiaries' entitlement, discretionary powers of trustees, and the tax liability of the trust. The trust deed specified that beneficiaries may not enjoy benefits in the first two years, with trustees having discretion over distribution after two years but before 18 years, and accumulation treated as corpus. The Income Tax Officer (ITO) deemed the trust discretionary due to vast trustee powers, subjecting it to a 65% tax rate. The Appellate Authority Commissioner (AAC) compared the trust to similar cases, ruling in favor of the assessee, leading to departmental appeals before the Tribunal. The Department argued that beneficiaries' shares were indeterminate due to discretionary powers, citing legal precedents. They contended that accumulation could benefit unknown parties, emphasizing minors' uncertain rights. They also differentiated wealth-tax from income-tax assessments based on legal cases. In contrast, the assessee's representative highlighted the trust's scheme, asserting each beneficiary's entitlement to a specific share. They referenced a clause clarifying division of income among beneficiaries, arguing for known and determinate shares. They urged consistency with previous Tribunal decisions and distinguished the case from precedents cited by the Department. The Tribunal upheld the AAC's decision, emphasizing known beneficiaries and determinate shares. They rejected the Department's arguments, noting the trust's factual nature and the beneficiaries' clear entitlement. Despite trustee discretion in enjoyment, the Tribunal found no basis to depart from the earlier view. They affirmed that the trust was not discretionary in practice, with accumulation for minors' benefit and trustees' discretion limited to enjoyment methods. Consequently, the Tribunal dismissed the appeals, supporting the assessee's position and confirming the known beneficiaries' entitlement to determinate shares as per the trust deed.
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