2024 (10) TMI 422 - AT - Income Tax

Addition u/s 68 - bogus LTCG on sale of shares - AO has primarily placed reliance on the report given by the Investigation Wing of the Income tax Department in order to arrive at the conclusion that it is pre-arranged method employed by the assessee with the connivance of the operators in order to generate bogus long term capital gains - HELD THAT - In the case of CIT vs. Jamnadevi Agarwal 2010 (9) TMI 81 - BOMBAY HIGH COURT held that the transactions of purchase and sale of shares cannot be considered to be bogus, when the documentary evidences furnished by the assessee establish genuineness of the claim. In the case of PCIT vs. Indravadan Jain (HUF) 2023 (7) TMI 1091 - BOMBAY HIGH COURT broker through whom, the assessee had carried out the transactions have been alleged to have been indulged in price manipulations and the SEBI had also passed an order regarding irregularities and synchronized trades carried out in the shares by the said broker. However, the evidences furnished by the assessee with regard to purchase and sale of shares were not doubted. In the instant case also, we noticed that the evidences furnished by the assessee to prove the purchase and sale of shares, payment made/received, entry/exit of shares in the demat account of the assessee etc., were not doubted with. In the case of PCIT vs. Smt Krishna Devi 2021 (1) TMI 1008 - DELHI HIGH COURT as noticed that the reasoning given by the AO to disbelieve the capital gains declared by the assessee, viz., astronomical increase in the price of shares, weak fundamentals of the relevant companies are based on mere conjectures. Accordingly, the Hon ble Delhi High Court affirmed the decision rendered by ITAT in deleting the addition of capital gains. Thus as the AO has not established that the assessee was involved in price rigging and further the AO did not find fault with any of the documents furnished by the assessee. Thus, we hold that the long term capital gains declared by the assessee cannot be assessed as unexplained cash credit u/s 68 - Decided in favour of assessee.

Issues Involved:

1. Legitimacy of long-term capital gains on the sale of shares.
2. Applicability of Section 68 of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
3. Assessment of evidence and documentation provided by the assessee.
4. Reliance on investigation reports and statements from third parties.
5. Judicial precedents and their applicability to the case.

Issue-wise Detailed Analysis:

1. Legitimacy of Long-term Capital Gains on the Sale of Shares:

The core issue was the legitimacy of the long-term capital gains amounting to Rs. 6.92 crores declared by the assessee on the sale of shares of M/s Global Infratech and Fin Ltd. The Revenue contended that these gains were pre-arranged and bogus, as the shares were identified as penny stocks with manipulated prices. The assessee, however, argued that the transactions were genuine, supported by proper documentation and conducted through stock exchange platforms after dematerialization of shares.

2. Applicability of Section 68 of the Income Tax Act, 1961:

The Assessing Officer (AO) assessed the gains as unexplained income under Section 68 of the Income Tax Act, citing the lack of credible explanation for the investment in a company with weak financials. The CIT(A) disagreed, noting that the assessee had provided comprehensive documentation proving the purchase and sale of shares, and that the AO had not demonstrated any direct involvement of the assessee in price manipulation.

3. Assessment of Evidence and Documentation Provided by the Assessee:

The CIT(A) and Tribunal found that the assessee had furnished all necessary documents, such as purchase invoices, demat account statements, and bank transaction records, which were not found deficient by the AO. The Tribunal emphasized that the mere inability to explain investment rationale does not render the transactions bogus, especially when backed by credible documentation.

4. Reliance on Investigation Reports and Statements from Third Parties:

The AO's reliance on a generalized report from the Investigation Wing and a statement from a third party, Shri Rajkumar Kedia, was criticized. The Tribunal noted that the AO failed to provide this statement to the assessee for rebuttal and did not establish a direct connection between the assessee's transactions and the alleged price manipulation scheme. The Tribunal highlighted that the investigation report did not specifically implicate the assessee's transactions as part of manipulated activities.

5. Judicial Precedents and Their Applicability to the Case:

The Tribunal referred to several judicial precedents, including decisions from the Hon'ble Bombay High Court and Delhi High Court, which established that transactions supported by credible evidence cannot be deemed bogus merely based on conjectures or generalized reports. The Tribunal cited cases such as Shyam Pawar, PCIT vs. Ziauddin A Siddique, and CIT vs. Jamnadevi Agarwal, which reinforced the principle that genuine transactions, even if involving penny stocks, cannot be disregarded without substantial evidence of manipulation.

Conclusion:

The Tribunal upheld the CIT(A)'s decision to delete the addition of Rs. 6.92 crores, concluding that the long-term capital gains declared by the assessee were legitimate and could not be assessed as unexplained cash credit under Section 68. The appeal filed by the Revenue was dismissed, affirming that the AO failed to substantiate the claim of bogus transactions with adequate evidence. The judgment emphasized the necessity of concrete evidence over conjecture in tax assessments, aligning with established judicial precedents.

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