2025 (1) TMI 1121 - AT - Income Tax

Denial of exemption u/s 11 - non-filing of Form 10B along with return of income - directory v/s mandatory provision - HELD THAT - Filing of Form 10B is directory to facilitate the assessment and not mandatory. The assessee is running charitable trust and carried on charitable activities over the years mere non-filing of Form 10B which is directory in nature cannot be the reason to deny the benefit extended by the statute therefore we are inclined to allow the claim of the assessee by relying on the findings in Green Dot Health Foods Pvt. Ltd. 2023 (2) TMI 516 - ITAT DELHI - Decided in favor of assessee.

1. ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDERED

The core legal questions addressed in this judgment are:

Whether the late filing of Form 10B due to technical glitches can be condoned, allowing the assessee to claim exemption under Section 11 of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
Whether the denial of the application of funds towards the objects of the trust due to the late filing of Form 10B is justified.
Whether the accumulation of funds under Section 11 was incorrectly denied, despite the amount being less than the prescribed limit and invested in specified modes.

2. ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS

Issue 1: Late Filing of Form 10B and Exemption under Section 11

Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: The Income Tax Act requires the filing of Form 10B for claiming exemption under Section 11. The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) issued several circulars allowing condonation of delay in filing Form 10B.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The court considered the procedural nature of filing Form 10B and the intention behind the statutory requirement. It relied on precedents where similar delays were condoned, emphasizing that procedural lapses should not impede substantive rights.
Key Evidence and Findings: The assessee obtained the audit report before the filing of the return but filed Form 10B after the return due to technical issues. The court noted the consistent compliance history of the assessee in previous and subsequent years.
Application of Law to Facts: The court applied the principle that procedural requirements should facilitate, not hinder, the assessment process. It recognized the technical glitch as a valid reason for the delay.
Treatment of Competing Arguments: The Revenue argued that the delay could not be condoned by the CIT(A), but the court found that the procedural lapse did not warrant denial of the exemption.
Conclusions: The court concluded that the late filing of Form 10B should be condoned, and the exemption under Section 11 should be granted.

Issue 2: Denial of Application of Funds

Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: Section 11 allows deductions for income applied towards charitable purposes, provided procedural requirements are met.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The court emphasized the substantive compliance of the trust in applying funds for charitable purposes and the procedural nature of filing Form 10B.
Key Evidence and Findings: The trust applied funds for charitable activities, and the audit report was obtained timely, supporting the trust's claim.
Application of Law to Facts: The court found that the trust's failure to file Form 10B on time was a procedural issue and did not affect the substantive application of funds.
Treatment of Competing Arguments: The court addressed the Revenue's reliance on procedural lapses, finding it insufficient to deny the trust's substantive rights.
Conclusions: The court allowed the application of funds towards the objects of the trust, despite the late filing of Form 10B.

Issue 3: Denial of Accumulation of Funds

Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: Section 11 allows accumulation of income under specified conditions, including investment in prescribed modes.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The court noted that the accumulation was within the prescribed limits and invested as required by law.
Key Evidence and Findings: The accumulation was less than 15% of gross receipts and invested in specified modes, meeting legal requirements.
Application of Law to Facts: The court found that the trust complied with the substantive requirements for accumulation and investment.
Treatment of Competing Arguments: The court dismissed the Revenue's procedural objections as insufficient to deny the accumulation.
Conclusions: The court allowed the accumulation of funds under Section 11, finding compliance with legal requirements.

3. SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGS

Preserve Verbatim Quotes of Crucial Legal Reasoning: "The filing of Form 10B is directory to facilitate the assessment and not mandatory. The assessee is running a charitable trust and carried on charitable activities over the years; mere non-filing of Form 10B which is directory in nature cannot be the reason to deny the benefit extended by the statute."
Core Principles Established: Procedural lapses should not impede substantive rights, especially when the assessee has demonstrated compliance with substantive requirements and there is a history of consistent compliance.
Final Determinations on Each Issue: The court allowed the appeal, condoning the delay in filing Form 10B, granting exemption under Section 11, and permitting the application and accumulation of funds as claimed by the assessee.

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