Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

Chapter: I
PRELIMINARY
Section 1	:	Short title, commencement and application
Section 2	:	Definitions
Section 3	:	General explanations
Chapter: II
OF PUNISHMENTS
Section 4	:	Punishments
Section 5	:	Commutation of sentence
Section 6	:	Fractions of terms of punishment
Section 7	:	Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple
Section 8	:	Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc.
Section 9	:	Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences
Section 10	:	Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which
Section 11	:	Solitary confinement
Section 12	:	Limit of solitary confinement
Section 13	:	Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction
Chapter: III
GENERAL EXCEPTIONS
Section 14	:	Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law
Section 15	:	Act of Judge when acting judicially
Section 16	:	Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court
Section 17	:	Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law
Section 18	:	Accident in doing a lawful act
Section 19	:	Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm
Section 20	:	Act of a child under seven years of age
Section 21	:	Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding
Section 22	:	Act of a person of unsound mind
Section 23	:	Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will
Section 24	:	Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated
Section 25	:	Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent
Section 26	:	Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person's benefit
Section 27	:	Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian
Section 28	:	Consent known to be given under fear or misconception
Section 29	:	Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused
Section 30	:	Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent
Section 31	:	Communication made in good faith
Section 32	:	Act to which a person is compelled by threats
Section 33	:	Act causing slight harm
Of right of private defence
Section 34	:	Things done in private defence
Section 35	:	Right of private defence of body and of property
Section 36	:	Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc.
Section 37	:	Acts against which there is no right of private defence
Section 38	:	When right of private defence of body extends to causing death
Section 39	:	When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
Section 40	:	Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body
Section 41	:	When right of private defence of property extends to causing death
Section 42	:	When such right extends to causing any harm other than death
Section 43	:	Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property
Section 44	:	Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person
Chapter: IV
OF ABETMENT, CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY AND ATTEMPT
Of abetment
Section 45	:	Abetment of a thing
Section 46	:	Abettor
Section 47	:	Abetment in India of offences outside India
Section 48	:	Abetment outside India for offence in India
Section 49	:	Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment
Section 50	:	Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor
Section 51	:	Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done
Section 52	:	Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done
Section 53	:	Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor
Section 54	:	Abettor present when offence is committed
Section 55	:	Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
Section 56	:	Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment
Section 57	:	Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons
Section 58	:	Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life
Section 59	:	Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent
Section 60	:	Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment.
Of criminal conspiracy
Section 61	:	Criminal conspiracy
Of attempt
Section 62	:	Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment
Chapter: V
OF OFFENCES AGAINST WOMAN AND CHILD
Of sexual offences
Section 63	:	Rape
Section 64	:	Punishment for rape
Section 65	:	Punishment for rape in certain cases
Section 66	:	Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim
Section 67	:	Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation
Section 68	:	Sexual intercourse by a person in authority
Section 69	:	Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc.
Section 70	:	Gang rape.
Section 71	:	Punishment for repeat offenders
Section 72	:	Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc.
Section 73	:	Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission
Of criminal force and assault against woman
Section 74	:	Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty
Section 75	:	Sexual harassment.
Section 76	:	Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe
Section 77	:	Voyeurism
Section 78	:	Stalking
Section 79	:	Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman
Of offences relating to marriage
Section 80	:	Dowry death
Section 81	:	Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage
Section 82	:	Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife
Section 83	:	Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage
Section 84	:	Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman.
Section 85	:	Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty.
Section 86	:	Cruelty defined
Section 87	:	Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc.
Of causing miscarriage, etc.
Section 88	:	Causing miscarriage
Section 89	:	Causing miscarriage without woman's consent
Section 90	:	Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage
Section 91	:	Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth
Section 92	:	Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide
Of offences against child
Section 93	:	Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it
Section 94	:	Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body
Section 95	:	Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence
Section 96	:	Procuration of child
Section 97	:	Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person
Section 98	:	Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc.
Section 99	:	Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc.
Chapter: VI
OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE HUMAN BODY
Of offences affecting life
Section 100	:	Culpable homicide
Section 101	:	Murder
Section 102	:	Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended
Section 103	:	Punishment for murder
Section 104	:	Punishment for murder by life-convict
Section 105	:	Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder
Section 106	:	Causing death by negligence
Section 107	:	Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind
Section 108	:	Abetment of suicide
Section 109	:	Attempt to murder
Section 110	:	Attempt to commit culpable homicide
Section 111	:	Organised crime
Section 112	:	Petty organised crime
Section 113	:	Terrorist act
Of hurt
Section 114	:	Hurt
Section 115	:	Voluntarily causing hurt
Section 116	:	Grievous hurt
Section 117	:	Voluntarily causing grievous hurt
Section 118	:	Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means
Section 119	:	Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act
Section 120	:	Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property
Section 121	:	Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty
Section 122	:	Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation
Section 123	:	Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence
Section 124	:	Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc.
Section 125	:	Act endangering life or personal safety of others
Of wrongful restraint and wrongful confinement
Section 126	:	Wrongful restraint
Section 127	:	Wrongful confinement
Of criminal force and assault
Section 128	:	Force
Section 129	:	Criminal force
Section 130	:	Assault
Section 131	:	Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation
Section 132	:	Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty
Section 133	:	Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation
Section 134	:	Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person
Section 135	:	Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person
Section 136	:	Assault or criminal force on grave provocation
Of kidnapping, abduction, slavery and forced labour
Section 137	:	Kidnapping
Section 138	:	Abduction
Section 139	:	Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging
Section 140	:	Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc.
Section 141	:	Importation of girl or boy from foreign country
Section 142	:	Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person
Section 143	:	Trafficking of person
Section 144	:	Exploitation of a trafficked person
Section 145	:	Habitual dealing in slaves
Section 146	:	Unlawful compulsory labour
Chapter: VII
OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE
Section 147	:	Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India
Section 148	:	Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147
Section 149	:	Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India
Section 150	:	Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war
Section 151	:	Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power
Section 152	:	Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India
Section 153	:	Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India
Section 154	:	Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India
Section 155	:	Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154
Section 156	:	Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape
Section 157	:	Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape
Section 158	:	Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner
Chapter: VIII
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO THE ARMY, NAVY AND AIR FORCE
Section 159	:	Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airman from his duty
Section 160	:	Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof
Section 161	:	Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office
Section 162	:	Abetment of such assault, if assault committed
Section 163	:	Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman
Section 164	:	Harbouring deserter
Section 165	:	Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master
Section 166	:	Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman
Section 167	:	Persons subject to certain Acts
Section 168	:	Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman
Chapter: IX
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO ELECTIONS
Section 169	:	Candidate, electoral right defined
Section 170	:	Bribery
Section 171	:	Undue influence at elections
Section 172	:	Personation at elections
Section 173	:	Punishment for bribery
Section 174	:	Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election
Section 175	:	False statement in connection with an election
Section 176	:	Illegal payments in connection with an election
Section 177	:	Failure to keep election accounts.
Chapter: X
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO COIN, CURRENCY-NOTES, BANK-NOTES, AND GOVERNMENT STAMPS
Section 178	:	Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes
Section 179	:	Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
Section 180	:	Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
Section 181	:	Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes
Section 182	:	Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes
Section 183	:	Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government
Section 184	:	Using Government stamp known to have been before used
Section 185	:	Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used
Section 186	:	Prohibition of fictitious stamps
Section 187	:	Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law
Section 188	:	Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint
Chapter: XI
OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE PUBLIC TRANQUILLITY
Section 189	:	Unlawful assembly
Section 190	:	Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object
Section 191	:	Rioting
Section 192	:	Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed
Section 193	:	Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place
Section 194	:	Affray
Section 195	:	Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc.
Section 196	:	Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony
Section 197	:	Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration
Chapter: XII
OF OFFENCES BY OR RELATING TO PUBLIC SERVANTS
Section 198	:	Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person
Section 199	:	Public servant disobeying direction under law
Section 200	:	Punishment for nontreatment of victim
Section 201	:	Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury
Section 202	:	Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade
Section 203	:	Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property
Section 204	:	Personating a public servant.
Section 205	:	Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent
Chapter: XIII
OF CONTEMPTS OF THE LAWFUL AUTHORITY OF PUBLIC SERVANTS
Section 206	:	Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding.
Section 207	:	Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof
Section 208	:	Nonattendance in obedience to an order from public servant
Section 209	:	Nonappearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023
Section 210	:	Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it
Section 211	:	Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it
Section 212	:	Furnishing false information
Section 213	:	Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it
Section 214	:	Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question
Section 215	:	Refusing to sign statement
Section 216	:	False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation
Section 217	:	False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person
Section 218	:	Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant
Section 219	:	Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant
Section 220	:	Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant
Section 221	:	Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions
Section 222	:	Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance
Section 223	:	Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant
Section 224	:	Threat of injury to public servant
Section 225	:	Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant
Section 226	:	Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power
Chapter: XIV
OF FALSE EVIDENCE AND OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE
Section 227	:	Giving false evidence
Section 228	:	Fabricating false evidence
Section 229	:	Punishment for false evidence
Section 230	:	Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence
Section 231	:	Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment.
Section 232	:	Threatening any person to give false evidence
Section 233	:	Using evidence known to be false
Section 234	:	Issuing or signing false certificate
Section 235	:	Using as true a certificate known to be false
Section 236	:	False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence
Section 237	:	Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false
Section 238	:	Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender
Section 239	:	Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform
Section 240	:	Giving false information respecting an offence committed
Section 241	:	Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence
Section 242	:	False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution
Section 243	:	Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
Section 244	:	Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution
Section 245	:	Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due
Section 246	:	Dishonestly making false claim in Court
Section 247	:	Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due
Section 248	:	False charge of offence made with intent to injure
Section 249	:	Harbouring offender
Section 250	:	Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment
Section 251	:	Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender
Section 252	:	Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc.
Section 253	:	Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered
Section 254	:	Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits
Section 255	:	Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
Section 256	:	Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture
Section 257	:	Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law.
Section 258	:	Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law
Section 259	:	Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend
Section 260	:	Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed
Section 261	:	Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant
Section 262	:	Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension
Section 263	:	Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person
Section 264	:	Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for
Section 265	:	Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for
Section 266	:	Violation of condition of remission of punishment
Section 267	:	Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding
Section 268	:	Personation of assessor.
Section 269	:	Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court
Chapter: XV
OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE PUBLIC HEALTH, SAFETY, CONVENIENCE, DECENCY AND MORALS
Section 270	:	Public nuisance
Section 271	:	Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
Section 272	:	Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life
Section 273	:	Disobedience to quarantine rule
Section 274	:	Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale
Section 275	:	Sale of noxious food or drink
Section 276	:	Adulteration of drugs
Section 277	:	Sale of adulterated drugs
Section 278	:	Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation
Section 279	:	Fouling water of public spring or reservoir
Section 280	:	Making atmosphere noxious to health
Section 281	:	Rash driving or riding on a public way
Section 282	:	Rash navigation of vessel
Section 283	:	Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy
Section 284	:	Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel
Section 285	:	Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation
Section 286	:	Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance.
Section 287	:	Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter
Section 288	:	Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance.
Section 289	:	Negligent conduct with respect to machinery
Section 290	:	Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc.
Section 291	:	Negligent conduct with respect to animal.
Section 292	:	Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for
Section 293	:	Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue
Section 294	:	Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc.
Section 295	:	Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child
Section 296	:	Obscene acts and songs
Section 297	:	Keeping lottery office
Chapter: XVI
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO RELIGION
Section 298	:	Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class
Section 299	:	Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs
Section 300	:	Disturbing religious assembly
Section 301	:	Trespassing on burial places, etc.
Section 302	:	Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person
Chapter: XVII
OF OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY
Of theft
Section 303	:	Theft
Section 304	:	Snatching
Section 305	:	Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc.
Section 306	:	Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master.
Section 307	:	Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft
Of extortion
Section 308	:	Extortion
Of robbery and dacoity
Section 309	:	Robbery
Section 310	:	Dacoity
Section 311	:	Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt
Section 312	:	Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon
Section 313	:	Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc.
Of criminal misappropriation of property
Section 314	:	Dishonest misappropriation of property.
Section 315	:	Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death
Of criminal breach of trust
Section 316	:	Criminal breach of trust
Of receiving stolen property
Section 317	:	Stolen property
Of cheating
Section 318	:	Cheating
Section 319	:	Cheating by personation.
Of fraudulent deeds and dispositions of property
Section 320	:	Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors
Section 321	:	Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors
Section 322	:	Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration
Section 323	:	Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property
Of mischief
Section 324	:	Mischief
Section 325	:	Mischief by killing or maiming animal
Section 326	:	Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc.
Section 327	:	Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden
Section 328	:	Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc.
Of criminal trespass
Section 329	:	Criminal trespass and house-trespass
Section 330	:	House-trespass and housebreaking
Section 331	:	Punishment for house-trespass or housebreaking
Section 332	:	House-trespass in order to commit offence
Section 333	:	House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint
Section 334	:	Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property
Chapter: XVIII
OF OFFENCES RELATING TO DOCUMENTS AND TO PROPERTY MARKS
Section 335	:	Making a false document
Section 336	:	Forgery
Section 337	:	Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc.
Section 338	:	Forgery of valuable security, will, etc.
Section 339	:	Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine
Section 340	:	Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine
Section 341	:	Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338
Section 342	:	Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material
Section 343	:	Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security
Section 344	:	Falsification of accounts
Of property marks
Section 345	:	Property mark
Section 346	:	Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury
Section 347	:	Counterfeiting a property mark
Section 348	:	Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark
Section 349	:	Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark
Section 350	:	Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods
Chapter: XIX
OF CRIMINAL INTIMIDATION, INSULT, ANNOYANCE, DEFAMATION, ETC.
Section 351	:	Criminal intimidation
Section 352	:	Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace
Section 353	:	Statements conducing to public mischief
Section 354	:	Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure
Section 355	:	Misconduct in public by a drunken person
Of defamation
Section 356	:	Defamation
Of breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person
Section 357	:	Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person
Chapter: XX
REPEAL AND SAVINGS
Section 358	:	Repeal and savings