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Issues Involved:
1. Whether the assessee had a Permanent Establishment (PE) in India. 2. Nature of payments (distribution fee) received by the assessee under the Distribution Agreement (DA). Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Whether the assessee had a Permanent Establishment (PE) in India: The revenue's primary contention was that the assessee had a PE in India through its Indian subsidiary, RIPL, under Article 5 of the India-UK DTAA. The Assessing Officer (AO) argued that RIPL acted as a dependent agent of the assessee, thus constituting a PE in India. The AO also considered RIPL to have the authority to negotiate and enter into contracts on behalf of the assessee, thereby fulfilling the conditions of Article 5(4) of the DTAA. However, the AO did not provide detailed reasoning for this conclusion. The CIT(A) examined whether RIPL could be considered a dependent or independent agent under Article 5(4) and 5(5) of the DTAA. The CIT(A) concluded that RIPL was not an independent agent since its activities were almost wholly related to the assessee, but also held that RIPL did not satisfy the conditions to be deemed a PE under Article 5(4). Specifically, RIPL did not have the authority to negotiate and enter into contracts for the assessee, did not maintain a stock of goods for the assessee, and did not habitually secure orders for the assessee. The Tribunal noted that the CIT(A) had contradictory findings regarding RIPL's status as an agent. The CIT(A) initially stated that RIPL was not a PE under Article 5(4) or 5(5), but later suggested that RIPL could be considered an independent agent under Article 5(5). This inconsistency warranted a fresh examination by the AO. The Tribunal also considered the possibility of the assessee having a Service PE under Article 5(2)(k) of the DTAA, which was not addressed by the AO. The CIT(A) for the subsequent assessment year (1998-99) had found that the assessee had a Service PE in India due to the deputation of employees who rendered managerial services in India. The Tribunal noted that similar facts existed for the assessment year 1997-98, with evidence of the assessee's employee being deputed to work in India. Given the prima facie evidence and the need for a thorough examination, the Tribunal remanded the matter to the AO for fresh consideration of whether the assessee had a PE in India under Article 5(2)(k) and 5(5) of the DTAA. 2. Nature of payments (distribution fee) received by the assessee under the Distribution Agreement (DA): The CIT(A) had determined that the distribution fee paid under the DA was not royalty or fees for technical services (FTS) but constituted business profits. The revenue did not challenge this finding in the appeal. Therefore, the Tribunal did not address this issue further. Conclusion: The Tribunal remanded the matter to the AO for fresh consideration regarding the existence of a PE of the assessee in India under Article 5(2)(k) and 5(5) of the India-UK DTAA. The appeal of the revenue was treated as allowed for statistical purposes.
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