2025 (1) TMI 1486 - AT - Income Tax

TP Adjustment - international transaction akin to an unsecured loan - delay in receiving the trade receivables is a separate international transaction akin to unsecured loan entered by the assessee with its Associate Enterprises(AE) and charged interest @ 5.068% for 93.6 days as being number of days over and above 30 days - HELD THAT - We find that this issue is squarely covered by the decision of Kusum Health Care (P) Ltd. 2017 (4) TMI 1254 - DELHI HIGH COURT wherein laid down ratio that where the assessee having factored the impact of receivables on the working capital adjustment thereby on its pricing/profitability vis- -vis that its comparables any further adjustment on the basis of outstanding receivables would distort the profitability and re-characterize the transaction. Disallowance the provisions of gratuity u/s 43B - HELD THAT -We noted that the assessee has already added the provision of gratuity in its computation of income which is not disputed by CIT-DR however to verify the same we remit this issue to back to the file of the AO who will verify the computation of income whether the provisions of gratuity has been added by the assessee and not claim any further deduction. Hence we remit this issue back to the file of the AO. Late payment towards employee s contribution to provident fund/ESI as prescribed - HELD THAT - Assessee conceded this ground and stated that the issue is covered by decision of Checkmate Services Pvt. Ltd. 2022 (10) TMI 617 - SUPREME COURT Since payments are belated payments in terms of respective statutes of ESI and PF Act and hence appeal of the assessee on this issue is dismissed. Appeal filed by the assessee is partly allowed for statistical purposes.

The judgment involves an appeal by an assessee against a final assessment order concerning the Assessment Year 2017-18, with key issues revolving around transfer pricing adjustments, corporate taxation, and statutory compliance related to employee contributions.

Issues Presented and Considered

The core issues considered in this judgment are:

Whether the delay in receiving trade receivables from the assessee's Associate Enterprises (AE) constitutes a separate international transaction akin to an unsecured loan, warranting a transfer pricing adjustment.
Whether the provision for gratuity disallowed under Section 43B of the Income Tax Act was correctly added back by the assessee in its income computation.
Whether the disallowance of late payments towards employee contributions to provident fund/ESI was justified.

Issue-wise Detailed Analysis

Transfer Pricing Adjustment on Trade Receivables

Legal Framework and Precedents: The legal framework involves Section 92CA of the Income Tax Act regarding transfer pricing adjustments. The Tribunal considered precedents, particularly the Delhi High Court's decision in the case of Kusum Health Care Pvt. Ltd., which emphasized that factoring the impact of receivables on working capital adjustments negates the need for further adjustments.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The Tribunal noted that the assessee had already accounted for the impact of receivables on working capital adjustments. It found that any further adjustment based on outstanding receivables would distort the transaction's profitability and re-characterize it, which is impermissible.
Key Evidence and Findings: The Tribunal considered the assessee's working capital adjustment and the comparables' pricing/profitability margins. It noted that the assessee's receivables were factored into its working capital adjustment, aligning with the comparables.
Application of Law to Facts: The Tribunal applied the principles from Kusum Health Care Pvt. Ltd., concluding that the transfer pricing adjustment on trade receivables was unwarranted since the receivables' impact was already factored into the working capital adjustment.
Treatment of Competing Arguments: The Tribunal dismissed the Department's reliance on the McKinsey Knowledge Centre case, noting it was remanded for fresh consideration and was not a settled precedent.
Conclusions: The Tribunal ruled in favor of the assessee, deleting the transfer pricing adjustment on trade receivables.

Disallowance of Provision for Gratuity

Legal Framework and Precedents: Section 43B of the Income Tax Act mandates the disallowance of certain deductions unless actually paid.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The Tribunal noted that the assessee had already added back the provision for gratuity in its income computation, which was not disputed by the Department.
Key Evidence and Findings: The Tribunal found that the provision for gratuity was indeed added back by the assessee in its computation of income.
Application of Law to Facts: The Tribunal remitted the issue back to the Assessing Officer for verification to ensure no further deduction was claimed.
Conclusions: The issue was remitted back to the Assessing Officer for verification.

Disallowance of Late Payment towards Employee Contributions

Legal Framework and Precedents: The issue pertains to the timely payment of employee contributions to provident fund/ESI, guided by respective statutes and the Supreme Court's decision in Checkmate Services Pvt. Ltd. vs. CIT.
Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The Tribunal acknowledged the Supreme Court's decision, which mandates disallowance for belated payments.
Conclusions: The Tribunal dismissed the assessee's appeal on this issue, upholding the disallowance.

Significant Holdings

The Tribunal emphasized the principle that once the impact of receivables is factored into working capital adjustments, any further adjustment on account of outstanding receivables is unwarranted, as established in the Kusum Health Care Pvt. Ltd. case.
The Tribunal remitted the issue of gratuity provision back to the Assessing Officer for verification, ensuring compliance with Section 43B.
The Tribunal upheld the disallowance of late payments towards employee contributions, in line with the Supreme Court's ruling in Checkmate Services Pvt. Ltd.

The appeal was partly allowed for statistical purposes, with the Tribunal directing specific issues for further verification and dismissing others based on established legal precedents.

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