2025 (3) TMI 1459 - AT - Income Tax

Reopening of assessment u/s 147 - non complying with mandatory conditions u/s 147 to 151A - addition on account of infrastructure funds - HELD THAT - As decided in favour of the assessee in assessee s own case for AY 2013-14 2025 (3) TMI 1416 - ITAT DELHI and for AY 2014-15 2025 (3) TMI 1417 - ITAT DELHI on comparison of both the charts it will be noted that besides the components of Infrastructure fund having been wrongly identified in the assessment order even the TOTALS of the columns were wrong. Only on this basis of this patent mistake the impugned assessment order needs to be set aside and the addition deleted. Addition on account of Infrastructure Fund AO has made the addition by a very cryptic and non-speaking order without mentioning anything about the issue involved facts of the matter or any legal and accounting provision under which the same has been added. Appellant has tried to bring to my knowledge the inference drawn from the assessment order pointing the para that might be relevant for the basis of this addition. A perusal of the para shows that AO has in fact calculated sum in every column incorrectly. In fact if it is presumed that the table made by AO is correct then appellant has in fact credited more in P L Account and not less. Secondly even if it is to be held that the accretion to his fund namely Infrastructure fund received can be added to the income of the assessee then also the same shall be free of taxation because of the fact that appellant enjoys the exemption u/s 11 of the IT Act. Appeal of the assessee is allowed.

Summary

ISSUES PRESENTED and CONSIDERED

The core legal issues considered in this judgment include:

1. Whether the assumption of jurisdiction under Section 147 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, and the passing of the reassessment order under Sections 147/144B, without complying with the mandatory conditions under Sections 147 to 151A, is valid.

2. Whether the addition of Rs. 57,80,03,316/- on account of infrastructure funds by the Assessing Officer (AO) and confirmed by the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) [CIT(A)] was justified.

3. Whether the reassessment order was barred by limitation.

4. Whether the CIT(A) erred in charging interest under Sections 234A, 234B, and 234C of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

ISSUE-WISE DETAILED ANALYSIS

1. Assumption of Jurisdiction under Section 147

- Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: The legal framework involves Section 147 of the Income Tax Act, which allows reassessment if the AO has reason to believe that income has escaped assessment. The third proviso to Section 147 restricts reopening on issues already subject to appeal. Precedents include the case of CIT vs. Kelvinator of India Ltd., which established that reopening based on a change of opinion is impermissible.

- Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The Tribunal noted that the original assessment was framed under Section 143(3) and that the issue of infrastructure funds was already under appeal. Hence, reopening on the same issue was not permissible under the third proviso to Section 147.

- Key Evidence and Findings: The Tribunal found that the objections to reopening were not disposed of by a speaking order, violating procedural requirements.

- Application of Law to Facts: The Tribunal applied the legal principles from precedents and found that the reopening was based on a change of opinion and lacked fresh material.

- Treatment of Competing Arguments: The Department did not effectively counter the assessee's arguments regarding jurisdictional errors.

- Conclusions: The Tribunal concluded that the assumption of jurisdiction under Section 147 was invalid.

2. Addition of Rs. 57,80,03,316/- on Account of Infrastructure Funds

- Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: The legal issue revolves around whether infrastructure funds, which are collected under government orders and used as directed by a high-powered committee, are taxable. Precedents include CIT vs. Lucknow Development Authority and others, which held that such funds are not taxable as they are not under the control of the assessee.

- Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The Tribunal referred to prior decisions where similar issues were decided in favor of the assessee, noting that the funds were collected and used as per government directives, without control by the assessee.

- Key Evidence and Findings: The Tribunal found that the infrastructure funds were not part of the assessee's income as they were collected and used under government orders.

- Application of Law to Facts: The Tribunal applied the principles from the cited precedents and found that the addition of infrastructure funds to the assessee's income was unjustified.

- Treatment of Competing Arguments: The Department's reliance on the AO's order was insufficient to counter the established legal position.

- Conclusions: The Tribunal concluded that the addition of infrastructure funds was incorrect and allowed the related grounds of appeal.

3. Reassessment Order Barred by Limitation

- Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: The first proviso to Section 147 restricts reopening beyond four years unless there is a failure to disclose material facts by the assessee.

- Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The Tribunal noted that the reopening was beyond four years and lacked any allegation of the assessee's failure to disclose material facts.

- Key Evidence and Findings: The Tribunal found that the approval for reopening was obtained from the wrong authority, further invalidating the process.

- Application of Law to Facts: The Tribunal applied the limitation provisions and found the reopening barred by limitation.

- Treatment of Competing Arguments: The Department did not effectively address the limitation issue.

- Conclusions: The Tribunal concluded that the reassessment order was barred by limitation.

4. Charging of Interest under Sections 234A, 234B, and 234C

- Relevant Legal Framework and Precedents: Sections 234A, 234B, and 234C deal with interest for defaults in furnishing return, payment of advance tax, and deferment of advance tax, respectively.

- Court's Interpretation and Reasoning: The Tribunal did not specifically address this issue in detail as the primary grounds were decided in favor of the assessee.

- Conclusions: The issue became academic following the decision on the primary grounds.

SIGNIFICANT HOLDINGS

- The Tribunal held that the assumption of jurisdiction under Section 147 was invalid due to non-compliance with mandatory conditions and reopening on issues already under appeal.

- The Tribunal established that infrastructure funds collected and used under government directives are not taxable in the hands of the assessee.

- The Tribunal concluded that the reassessment order was barred by limitation as it was beyond four years without any failure to disclose material facts by the assessee.

- The appeal of the assessee was allowed, and the additions made by the AO were deleted.