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Issues involved:
1. Jurisdiction of Commissioner of Income-tax u/s 263 to review Income-tax Officer's order. 2. Claim for deduction of excise and customs duties in profit and loss account. Jurisdiction of Commissioner of Income-tax u/s 263: The High Court of Calcutta considered an application u/s 256(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, where the Tribunal referred questions regarding the Commissioner's jurisdiction to review the Income-tax Officer's order. The case involved an assessee, a resident company in the paint manufacturing business, for the assessment year 1984-85. The dispute arose from the deduction of excise and customs duties, specifically Rs.98,25,833 related to unsold stock included in the closing stock valuation. The Assessing Officer initially allowed this deduction based on the assessee's claim. However, the Commissioner of Income-tax, upon scrutiny, found an error in allowing double deduction and directed an enhancement of the total income by Rs.98,25,833. The Tribunal upheld the Commissioner's decision u/s 263. Deduction of excise and customs duties: The High Court analyzed the treatment of excise and customs duties in the profit and loss account and closing stock valuation. The assessee had debited Rs.5,85,87,181 for these duties, with Rs.98,25,833 credited to the closing stock. The Tribunal examined whether the crediting of this amount to the closing stock had the effect of wiping out the initial debit in the profit and loss account. It was concluded that once a liability is discharged and debited in the profit and loss account, any attempt to claim the same amount again results in double deduction. The Court emphasized that the excise duty liability, once paid, cannot be shown as a liability again, especially when valuing unsold stock. The Tribunal found that the Assessing Officer's allowance of the deduction for the second time was erroneous and prejudicial to the Revenue's interests, justifying the Commissioner's revision u/s 263. In conclusion, the High Court ruled in favor of the Revenue and against the assessee on both issues, affirming the Commissioner's jurisdiction u/s 263 and rejecting the claim for deduction of excise and customs duties in the profit and loss account.
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