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Issues: Assessment of additional sales tax as a deduction for a specific year and the grant of extra shift allowance for plant and machinery.
Analysis: The judgment delivered by the High Court of Madras addressed two key issues raised by the Revenue for the assessment year 1973-74. The first issue pertained to the deductibility of payments related to additional sales tax from previous years for the specific assessment year. The court referred to the decision in the case of Kedarnath Jute Manufacturing Co. Ltd. v. CIT [1971] 82 ITR 363 and CIT v. Kalinga Tubes Ltd. [1996] 218 ITR 164 to establish that under the mercantile system of accounting, the liability to pay sales tax arises at the time of sales, and making provisions without actual payment does not entitle the assessee to claim a deduction. The court emphasized that the liability for sales tax did not accrue in the assessment year under consideration, and as no payment was made during that year, the assessee was not entitled to claim the amount for which a provision was made in its accounts. The court ruled against the assessee on this issue, in favor of the Revenue. Moving on to the second issue, concerning the extra shift allowance for plant and machinery, the court quickly disposed of this question in favor of the assessee based on the precedent set by the Supreme Court in the case of South India Viscose Ltd. v. CIT [1997] 227 ITR 286. The court affirmed that the extra shift allowance should be granted based on the number of days the concern worked, rather than the number of days each item of machinery worked in the previous year. Consequently, the court answered this question in the affirmative, favoring the assessee. In conclusion, the judgment clarified that the assessee could not claim a deduction for a liability that related to a previous year and had not been settled during the assessment year. The court's decision was based on established legal principles and precedents, highlighting the importance of actual payment and the timing of liability accrual in determining deductibility. The judgment provided a comprehensive analysis of the legal issues raised by the Revenue, ultimately ruling in favor of the Revenue on the deductibility of additional sales tax payments and in favor of the assessee on the grant of extra shift allowance for plant and machinery.
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