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Issues:
1. Interpretation of deduction under section 80-I of the Income-tax Act for different assessment years. 2. Manipulation of inter-unit transfers affecting deduction under section 80-I. 3. Interpretation of 'eligible business or profession' under sub-section (2) of section 32AB for claiming deduction. Analysis: 1. The case involved a dispute regarding the deduction under section 80-I of the Income-tax Act for the assessment year 1987-88. The assessee, engaged in the manufacture and sale of alloy steel, claimed a deduction of Rs. 31,84,420. However, the Assessing Officer found that the assessee manipulated inter-unit transfers to inflate profits in units eligible for the deduction. The deduction was recalculated to Rs. 10,66,176, leading to a disagreement between the Revenue and the assessee. 2. Another issue arose concerning the interpretation of 'eligible business or profession' under section 32AB. The assessee claimed a deduction of Rs. 36,61,952 for installing new machinery, but the claim was disallowed as there was no income from the eligible business where the new machinery was installed. The Commissioner of Income-tax (Appeals) allowed the deduction, stating that the eligible business should be considered as a whole, not just the newly started unit. 3. The dispute escalated to the Income-tax Appellate Tribunal, where the Tribunal upheld the Commissioner's decision regarding deductions under sections 80-I and 32AB. The Tribunal referred to previous years' orders and held that the assessee's claims were consistent with past practices accepted by the Revenue. The Revenue, dissatisfied with the Tribunal's decision, sought to refer questions of law to the High Court under section 256(1) of the Act. 4. The High Court found that the Tribunal erred in not referring questions of law to the court. It emphasized that the Revenue's failure to seek references in previous years did not preclude them from doing so now. The High Court directed the Tribunal to refer questions related to the interpretation of sections 80-I and 32AB to the court for its opinion, highlighting that these questions were indeed matters of law that required clarification. 5. In conclusion, the High Court's judgment focused on ensuring that questions of law arising from the Tribunal's order were properly addressed and clarified. The court's decision to direct the Tribunal to refer specific questions for opinion underscored the importance of legal interpretation and consistency in applying tax laws, especially concerning deductions under sections 80-I and 32AB of the Income-tax Act.
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