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Issues:
1. Interpretation of Section 12B of the Income-tax Act regarding the taxability of capital gains. 2. Determination of whether the profits arising from the sale of capital assets by the assessees to another entity are subject to capital gains tax. Analysis: The judgment by the Madras High Court involved two cases with similar facts. The first case involved T.V. Sundaram Ayyangar & Sons Ltd., a private limited company, and the second case involved P.S.S. Motor Service Ltd., also a private limited company. Both companies were engaged in the business of road transport and sold their assets to Southern Roadways Ltd. The main issue was the taxability of the profits arising from these sales under Section 12B of the Income-tax Act. The court rejected the argument that there was no sale, emphasizing that the transfer of assets for a price constituted a sale. The court also clarified that for Section 12B to apply, it is sufficient if profits arose from the sale of capital assets in the relevant accounting year, regardless of when the profits were actually received. The court cited precedents to support this interpretation, distinguishing cases related to the word "receivable" in other sections of the Income-tax Act. Furthermore, the court highlighted that the assessees had the right to receive the profits during the relevant accounting year, even if they chose to accept paid-up shares instead of cash. The court emphasized that the profits had arisen in the year of the sale, as per the accounting basis followed by the assessees. The judgment clarified that the assessees' decision to accept shares did not negate the tax liability on the profits that had accrued. In conclusion, the court answered the questions raised by the assessees in the affirmative, confirming the taxability of the profits as capital gains. The judgment upheld the tax assessment made by the Income-tax Officer, emphasizing that the assessees' right to receive profits in the relevant accounting year was sufficient to trigger the application of Section 12B. The court awarded costs to the Department and provided clarity on the interpretation and application of the relevant tax provisions in these cases.
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