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Issues Involved:
1. Exemption of income from shares held under Trust under section 11 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. 2. Application of income for charitable or religious purposes. 3. Impact of estate duty liability on the availability of income for charitable purposes. Issue-wise Detailed Analysis: 1. Exemption of income from shares held under Trust under section 11 of the Income-tax Act, 1961: The Tribunal referred the question to the High Court to determine if the entire income from the shares held under Trust was exempt under section 11 of the Income-tax Act, 1961. The shares were held by the assessee-trusts wholly for charitable or religious purposes. The State Bank of India, as trustee, filed estate duty returns and claimed exemption from estate duty, which was initially rejected by the Assistant Controller. The Tribunal and the Court had previously dealt with similar issues for earlier assessment years, and it was accepted that the shares were held for charitable purposes. 2. Application of income for charitable or religious purposes: Section 11(1)(a) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, states that income derived from property held under trust for charitable or religious purposes is exempt to the extent it is applied to such purposes in India. The counsel for the assessee argued that the income derived, including capital gains and dividends, was used to pay estate duty, leaving no income available for charitable purposes. The revenue contested this, relying on a previous decision in the State Bank of India case, which had ruled against the assessee for earlier years when no enforceable demand for estate duty was present. 3. Impact of estate duty liability on the availability of income for charitable purposes: The High Court analyzed the judgment in the State Bank of India case, which had ruled that during the relevant assessment years, the trust had income available for charitable purposes but failed to apply it as such. However, for the assessment year 1973-74, the trust had no income available due to the necessity of paying estate duty, which even required selling the corpus of the trust. Citing the Madras High Court's judgment in the Janaki Ammal Ayya Nadar Trust case, the Court emphasized that if no surplus income is available for charitable purposes, the trust is entitled to exemption under section 11(1)(a). The Gujarat High Court's judgment in the Ganga Charity Trust Fund case and the Andhra Pradesh High Court's judgment in the Trustee of H.E.H. The Nizam's Supplemental Religious Endowment Trust case also supported the view that income must be determined on commercial principles, and all outgoings, including taxes, must be deducted before considering the application or accumulation of income for charitable purposes. Conclusion: The High Court concluded that for the assessment year 1973-74, the income of the assessee-trust was exempt from tax under section 11(1)(a) because no income was available for charitable purposes due to the estate duty payments. The question was answered in the affirmative and in favor of the assessee, with no order as to costs.
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